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Alexander Oustean

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Alexander Oustean ama Oustian ama Austin (dhintay 1604) wuxuu ahaa harbi-tole (tailor) reer Iskotland ah iyo xubin ka tirsan golaha deegaanka Edinburgh.

James VI and I, waxaa sawiray Adrian Vanson, Edinburgh Castle

Shaqadda

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Wuxuu xubin sharafeed (burgess) ka noqday Edinburgh 26-kii May 1560. Wuxuu ahaa Hormuudka Farsamada (Deacon of Crafts) iyo La-taliyaha Farsamada ee golaha sannadkii 1582.[1] Oustean wuxuu golaha u qabtay xilal kala duwan, isagoo u shaqaynayay sidii qiimeeyaha khamriga iyo looxa sannadkii 1590, waxaana inta badan loo diri jiray inuu magaalada u metelo ama u noqdo guddoomiyaha Convention of Royal Burghs.[2] Bishii Oktoobar 1589, waxaa loo diray isaga iyo ganacsade Richard Doby si ay ula kulmaan dhisayaasha guri cusub ama isbitaal loogu talagalay dadka qaba baraska oo ku yaallay Chapel of the Rood oo u dhow Greenside, si ay u naqshadeeyaan ama u calaamadeeyaan xuduudaha goobta iyo dhismaha.[3] ​Alexander Oustean wuxuu raacay kooxdii ganacsatada Edinburgh ee u ololeynayay in James VI of Scotland uu guursado gabadh u dhalatay dalka Denmark halkii uu ka guursan lahaa Catherine de Bourbon, oo ahayd walaasha Henry of Navarre.[4] Oustean wuxuu ahaa nin hodan ah, wuxuuna ahaa dammaanad-qaadaha maaliyadeed ee kharashka George Keith, 5th Earl Marischal intii lagu jiray wadahadallada guurka Anne of Denmark iyo James VI. Wuxuu qayb ka ahaa guddi ka socday deegaanka oo uu weheliyo John Arnot xilligii Shirka Deegaannada (Convention of Burghs) si loo ururiyo canshuur loogu talagalay guurka boqortooyada.[5] 28-kii May 1589, Arnot iyo madaxda Edinburgh iyo qaar ka mid ah muwaadiniinta ayaa yimid Holyrood House waxayna ka dacwoodeen Guddoomiyaha, John Maitland oo joogay Thirlestane iyagoo dalbanayay in boqorku guursado amiirad u dhalatay Denmark.[6] Xisaab-xirka kharashka la xiriira guurka iyo kaalmada Ingiriiska, oo ay haysay Jean Fleming, "Lady Chancellor", waxaa ku jiray lacag dhan £292-13s-4d Scots oo la siiyay "Allexander Anstien taillour".[7] ​Bishii Luulyo 1590, Arnot iyo Oustean oo metelayay Edinburgh ayaa qandaraas ku qaatay inay ka soo amaahdaan Comptroller of Scotland, David Seton of Parbroath, lacag dhan £100,000 Scots, iyagoo boqorka u bixinaya £4000 sannad walba. Bishii Abriil 1594, waxaa laga dalbaday inay dib u bixiyaan inta dhiman amaahdaas si loo daboolo kharashka lagula dagaallamayo fallaagada Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell.[8] ​Sannadkii 1597, golaha deegaanka Edinburgh wuxuu aqoonsaday in "Alexander Owsteane" uu daryeelayay saddex carruur ah oo sabool ah, isagoo u shaqaaleysiiyay kalkaaliso xannaaneysa. Sidaas darteed, Oustean waxaa laga dhaafay bixinta lacagta bishii laga qaadi jiray dadka si loogu caawiyo masaakiinta Edinburgh.[9] ​==Xiriirka qoyska== Alexander Oustean wuxuu xiriir dhow la lahaa Katherine Oustean, oo guursatay dahab-tumaha George Heriot (died 1610), waxayna lahaayeen laba gabdhood oo kala ah Agnes iyo Marion Heriot, oo guursaday John Houston. Alexander Oustean wiilkiisa curad waxaa sidoo kale la oran jiray "Alexander Oustean". Ka dib markii uu dhintay 1604, wiilkiisii labaad George Oustean ayaa ahaa maamulaha dhaxalkiisa. Gilbert, oo noqday harbi-tole, David, iyo Andrew Oustean waxay ahaayeen wiilashii ugu yaraa. Wuxuu lahaa ugu yaraan afar gabdhood; Sara Ousteane waxay guursatay harbi-tole kale oo Edinburgh joogay oo la oran jiray John Elder, Marion Ousteane waxay guursatay qareen William Wylie, gabadh kale waxay guursatay Roger Duikesone, Elizabeth Oustean-na waxay guursatay George Fraser.[10] ​Wiil yar, John Oustean, wuxuu ku lug lahaa rabshad ka dhacday Edinburgh 17-kii Diseembar 1596.[11] Rabshaddaas waxay ka dhalatay maamulkii maaliyadeed ee Octavians.[12] James VI wuxuu ku sugnaa Tolbooth-ka Edinburgh isaga iyo inta badan Golaha Gaarka ah ee Boqorka iyo Octavians-ka. Ka dib khudbad uu jeediyay Walter Balcanquhall oo ka dhex dhacday St Giles, dadkii urursanaa ayaa soo baxay iyagoo ku qeylinaya "seef Gideon", qaarna waxay dalbanayeen hub. Ilaalada boqortooyada ayaa James VI dib ugu galbiyay Holyroodhouse.[13] Ka dib, Alexander Oustean wuxuu ka mid ahaa koox muwaadiniin ah oo loo doortay inay nabad iyo heshiis la dhex dhigaan magaalada iyo James VI bishii Maarso 1597. Kuwa kale waxay ahaayeen John Arnot, Littil, Moresoun, Edward Galbraith oo ahaa harag-shane, iyo dahab-tumaha George Heriot.[14] ​George Oustean (dhintay 1616), oo guursatay Margaret Tod (dhintay 1635), wuxuu noqday ganacsade burgess ah oo Edinburgh jooga.[15] Wuxuu alaabo u geeyay John Campbell, oo ahaa Laird-ka Cawdor, sannadkii 1615, oo ay ku jirtay koofiyad loogu talagalay laird-ka yar, dhar loogu talagalay qofka u garaaca kataarrada (harp) qoyska, iyo piccadill. Sannadkii 1616 wuxuu dhar u keenay wiilka laird-ka Duncan Campbell, iyo goonnada iyo gacmaha dharka ee gabadha laird-ka, isagoo sidoo kale u keenay gacmo-gashi (muff).[16] ​Magaca qoyska waxaa sidoo kale loo qoraa sidii "Austin" ama "Oistiane", "Ousteane", ama "Owsteane".[17] Margaret Asteane, oo ahayd umulisadii Mary, Queen of Scots sannadkii 1566, waxay u dhowdahay inay qaraabo ahaayeen.[18] ​

Tixraac

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  1. ↑ Michael Lynch, Edinburgh and the Reformation (Edinburgh, 1981), p. 371.
  2. ↑ Marguerite Wood, Extracts from the Records of the Burgh of Edinburgh, 1589-1603 (Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1927), pp. 1, 12, 15.
  3. ↑ Marguerite Wood, Extracts from the Records of the Burgh of Edinburgh, 1589-1603 (Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1927), pp. 7-8.
  4. ↑ Maurice Lee, John Maitland of Thirlestane (Princeton University Press, 1959), p. 196.
  5. ↑ David Masson, Register of the Privy Council of Scotland, 1585-1592, vol. 4 (Edinburgh, 1881), pp. 234, 269
  6. ↑ William Boyd & Henry Meikle, Calendar State Papers Scotland, vol. 10 (Edinburgh, 1936), p. 87 no. 107: Papers of the Master of Gray (Edinburgh, 1835), p. 161.
  7. ↑ Miles Kerr-Peterson & Michael Pearce, 'James VI's English Subsidy and Danish Dowry Accounts', Scottish History Society Miscellany XVI (Woodbridge, 2020), p. 69.
  8. ↑ David Masson, Register of the Privy Council of Edinburgh, 1592-1599 (Edinburgh, 1882), pp. 138-140.
  9. ↑ Marguerite Wood, Extracts from the Records of the Burgh of Edinburgh, 1589 to 1603 (Edinburgh, 1927), p. 188.
  10. ↑ National Records of Scotland, 1604 Oustiane, Alexander Edinburgh Commissary Court CC8/8/39, pp. 34-346.
  11. ↑ Michael Lynch, Edinburgh and the Reformation (Edinburgh, 1981), p. 371.
  12. ↑ Julian Goodare, The Scottish Witch-hunt in Context (Manchester University Press, 2002), p. 52.
  13. ↑ Annie Cameron, Calendar State Papers Scotland, 1593-1597, vol. 11 (Edinburgh, 1936), pp. 393-8 nos. 314-5.
  14. ↑ Marguerite Wood, Extracts from the Records of the Burgh of Edinburgh, 1589-1603 (Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1927), p. 180: David Calderwood, History of the Kirk of Scotland, vol. 5 (Edinburgh, 1844), pp. 624-5
  15. ↑ Cathryn Spence, Women, Credit, and Debt in Early Modern Scotland (Manchester, 2016), p. 68.
  16. ↑ Cosmo Innes, The Book of the Thanes of Cawdor (Edinburgh, 1859), pp. 238-241
  17. ↑ George Fraser Black, The Surnames of Scotland: Their Origin, Meaning, and History (New York, 1946), pp. 38-9
  18. ↑ Accounts of the Treasurer, vol. 11 (Edinburgh, 1916), p. 512.

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