Chicago
Shikaago, Illinois | |
|---|---|
| Caasimada Chicago | |
 Ka soo biloow kor: Farasmagaalka Jikaago, Shaleemada Magaalada, Dhismaha "L", Xarunta Badmaaxa, Beerta Millennium, Goob Taariikheed, iyo dhismaha dheer ee Willis Tower. | |
 Flag | |
| Etymology: Template:Lang-mia ("basasha duurjoogta" ama "toonta duurjoogta") Template:Lang-pot | |
| Nickname(s): Caasimadii Dabeysha, Chi-Town, "Caasimadii Labaad", Caasimadii Garboweyn (si aad u ogaato waxbadan fiiri dhamaan naaneysaha) | |
| Motto(s): | |
 Meesha ay ku taalo Cook County iyo gobolka Illinois. | |
| Deegaan |  United States of America |
| Gobolka | Illinois |
| Tirada Countyada | Cook County iyo DuPage County |
| La degay | 1780 |
| Nidaam dowlad-hoose (magaalo) | Agosto 12, 1833 |
| Nidaam Degmo weyne (caasimad) | Maarso 4, 1837 |
| Named for | shikaakwa, jikaakwa (basashi duurjooga iyo toontii duurjooga) |
| Dowlada | |
| • Nuuca | Golaha Duqa-Magaalada |
| • Body | Dowlada Hoose ee Shikaago |
| • Duqa-magaalada | Rahm Emanuel (xisbiga Dimuqraadiga) |
| • Xoghayaha Caasimada | Susana A. Mendoza ([Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga) |
| • Agaasimaha Caasimada | Kurt Summers Jr. (Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga) |
| Bedka | |
| • Caasimad | 234.0 sq mi (606 km2) |
| • Land | 227.2 sq mi (588 km2) |
| • Water | 6.9 sq mi (18 km2) 3.0% |
| • Urban | 2,122.8 sq mi (5,498 km2) |
| • Metro | 10,874 sq mi (28,160 km2) |
| Joogga [1](mean) | 594 ft (181 m) |
| Highest elevation – u dhow gasiirada Blue | 672 ft (205 m) |
| Lowest elevation – ku taal harta Michigan | 578 ft (176 m) |
| Tirada dadka | |
| • Caasimad | 2,695,598 |
| • Estimate (Luuliyo 1, 2014[3]) | 2,722,389 |
| • Rank | Caasimada 3aad ee ugu dadka badan Maraykanka |
| • Cufnaanta dadka | 11,864.4/sq mi (4,447.4/km2) |
| • Metro | 9,522,434 (3aad) |
| Magac kale | Chicagoan |
| Aag saacadeed | UTC-6 (Wakhtiga Badhtamaha Maraykanka) |
| • Xagaa (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| laga hormariyo ZIP Kodhka | 606xx, 607xx, 608xx |
| Area codes | 312/872 iyo 773/872 |
| FIPS code | 17 |
| Muuqaalka GNIS | GNIS4-0428803 |
| Website | www.cityofchicago.org |
Chicago, Shikaago, Jikaago (loogu dhawaaqo /ʃ[invalid input: 'ɨ']ˈkɑːɡoʊ/ ⓘ ama /ʃ[invalid input: 'ɨ']ˈkɔːɡoʊ/) waa caasimada sadexaad ee ugu dadka badan wadanka Maraykanka. Magaalda Jikaago waa deegaanka ugu dadka badan gobolka Illinois iyo deegaanka "Midwest", taas oo leh shacab dhan 2.7 milyan.[4]
Dhinaca kale, marka la isku daro magaalada Chicago iyo nawaaxigeeda, taasi oo loo yaqaano "Chicagoland", waa deegaanka sadexaad ee ugu wayn wadanka Maraykanka, waxaana degan dad ka badan 10 milyan. Shikaago waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1837kii, laakiin waxay aad u kortay horaantii qarnigii 19aad. Horumarka iyo koritaanka magaalada waxaa aad uga qeyb qaatey harta Great Lake iyo webiga Mississipi. Shikaago waa fadhiga dowlada "Cook County" ee ugu weyn gobolka Illinois..[5][6]
Maanta magaalada Shikaago waa xarun weyn oo ganacsi, dhaqaale, warshado, shirkado, teknoolojiyad, isgaadhsiin, iyo gaadiid; waxayna leedahay Gegada diyaaradaha O'Hare ee caalamiga ah (" O'Hare International Airport")[7] kaasi oo ah gegada diyaarada ugu weyn ee caalamka oo dhan. Sidoo kale, caasimada Shikaago waxaa ku yaala wadooyinka (highways) iyo wado-tareenka (railroads) ugu waaweyn wadanka Maraykanka. Sanadkiii 2014ka waxaa loo aqoonsaday magaaladan ineey tahay caasimada 14aad[8] ee ugu weyn caalamka, tan 7aad ee ugu dhaqaalaha badan, iyo tan sadexaad ee ugu lacagta badan wadanka Maraykanka ayada oo heeysata ama maamusha lacag dhan 571 bilyan dollar.[9][10]
Intaas waxaa dheer in magaalada Shikaago tahay mid ka mida goobaha soo jiidasha badan ee wadanka Maraykanka; sanadkii 2014ka oo kali ah waxaa soo siyaartey magaaladan dad ka badan 50.2 milyan oo dad iskugu jira ajanabi iyo kuwa wadanka u dhashay. Sabata keentay dalxiisayaasha badan waxaa ka mid ah dhaqanka iyo bulsho weynta magaalada oo ah mid aad iskugu dhafan oo leh noocyo badan oo matala dhaqanada dunida daafaheeda. Waxyaabaha ugu xiisaha badan waxaa ka mid ah: shaneemooyinka waaweyn, heesaha Jazzka, Soulka iyo bluega. Waxaa sidoo kale magaadu caan ku tahay dadka Madoow (African American) ee ku dhaqan magaalada; kuwaasi oo ah tirada ugu badan shacabka Shikaago iyo nawaaxigeeda.[11]
Caasimada Shikaago waxay leedahay naaneyso badan ooy ka mid tahay "Caasimada Dabeysha" (sababtoo ah waxay leedahay dabeyl aad u badan oo gu' iyo jiilaal soo taagan), "Caasimada Labaad" iyo naaneyso kale oo la xidhidha dhaqanka iyo taariikhda deegaanka.
Taariikhda
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
Magaca magaaladan Chicago waxaa laga keenay erayga "Shikaakwa" ee luuqada dadka u dhashay qaarada ee loo yaqaano Hindida Cas (Red Indians) kaasi oo macnaheedu yahay basasha duurjooga ama toonta duurjooga ah. Waxa ereyga markii ugu horeeysay isticmaalay gumeystihii cadaanka ahaa ee deegaankaasi tegay ayaga oo u qaatey magac deegaanka looga yaqaano dhulkaasi.[12]
Wakhtigan gumeystaha reer Yurub soo gaadheen deeganka oo ku beegnaa horaantii qarnigii 18aad ayaa waxa deganaa Shikaago iyo nawaaxigeeda qabiilka Potawatomi, oo ka mid ah hindida cas, kuwaasi oo ahaa ugaadhsato iyo qadhaabsato. Wakhti yar gudaheed waxaa ka dhex qarxay dagaal dadkii dhulka loogu yimid iyo gumeystihii cadaanka ahaa reer Yurub. Dagaalkaasi oo dad badan kaga dhinteen dadka hindida cas ayaa waxaa ku guuleystay gumeystihii cadaa ee horsocotay dowlada Maraykanku.[13] Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sanadihii 1830kii ayaa heshiisyo khasab ah laga sexeeeyay dadka deegaanka ee u badnaa qabiilka Potawatomi, si loo dejiyo deegaano kale oo ka fog Shikaago. Waxaana sanadkii 1833kii la aasaasay dhismayaashii ugu horeeyay ee magaalada Shikaago halkaas oo la dejiyay dad dhan 200 oo qof. Todoba sano gudahood waxaa magaalada Shikaago iskugu yimid shacab dhan 4,000 taasi oo keentay in magaaladu si xoowli ah ku korto.[14][15]
Sido Kale fiiri
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- ↑ Template:Cite GNIS
- ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 10, 2014.
- ↑ "Chicago (city), Illinois QuickFacts". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
- ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". factfinder.census.gov. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|ciwaan=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ↑ "In 1946 Chicago acquired land for O'Hare Airport, including a portion of northeast DuPage." Steph McGrath, "DuPage County" Encyclopedia of Chicago chicagohistory.org
- ↑ "In order to consolidate its control over the airport area, Chicago annexed it in March 1956, including the western edge, in DuPage County." Amanda Seligman "O'Hare" Encyclopedia of Chicago chicagohistory.org
- ↑ Keating, Ann Durkin (2005). "Metropolitan Growth". Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago. Chicago Historical Society. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
- ↑ "The World According to GaWC 2012". Globalization and World Cities Research Network. January 13, 2014. Archived from the original on Bisha Saddexaad 20, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2014.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|archive-date=(help); Unknown parameter|ciwaan=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ↑ "2014 Global Cities Index". A.T. Kearney. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
- ↑ "GDP by Metropolitan Area, Advance 2012, and Revised 2001–2011" (PDF). U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. September 17, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 29, 2013. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|ciwaan=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ↑ Sarah S. Marcus. "Chicago's Twentieth-Century Cultural Exports". The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved April 19, 2009.
- ↑ Conzen, Michael. "Global Chicago". The Economic Rivalry between St. Louis and Chicago. Encyclopedia of Chicago.
- ↑ "Chicago Daily Tribune, Thursday Morning, February 14". nike-of-samothrace.net. Archived from the original on March 25, 2014. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|ciwaan=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ↑ "Chicago: Population". 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
- ↑ "Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990". U.S. Census Bureau.
