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Cintra Bay

Laga soo xigtay Wikipedia, Insaykalobeedhiya xorta ah
Gacanka Cintra
Gacanka Cintra
Golfo de Cintra
MeeshaSaxaraha Galbeed
NoocaGacan
Ka mid ahBadweynta Atlaantik

Gacanka Cintra ama Gacanka Cintra waa gacan weyn oo leh qaab dayax-gacmeed ah[1] oo ku taal xeebta gobolka Río de Oro, Saxaraha Galbeed. Waxay ku taallaa qiyaastii 120 km (75 mi) koonfurta Dakhla. Xeebteedu waa mid dadku ku yar yihiin, deegaankuna inta badan waa duurjoog iyo mid aan horumarin. Asal ahaan waxaa loo yaqaanay "Gacanka St. Cyprian", waxaana dib loogu magac daray Kabtan Gonçalo de Sintra, oo ahaa Bortuqiis sahmiye qarnigii 15-aad, kaas oo loo malaynayo inuu ku dhintay gacanka[a] intii lagu jiray duullaan addoonsi oo aan la oggolayn oo aan guulaysan.[2]

Magacaabista

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Aagga waxaa asal ahaan loo yaqaanay "Gacanka St. Cyprian" laakiin waxaa dib loogu magac daray Gonçalo de Sintra.[3]

Heshiiskii Angra de Cintra ee 1958, kaas oo horseeday dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Ifni, waxaa loogu magac daray Gacanka Cintra.

Juqraafi

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
Weather chart for Gacanka Cintra
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Gacanku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa 29 nautical mile inta u dhaxaysa Punta del Pescador iyo gacanka Lagouira, guud ahaanna waa mid furan oo aad u gacalin ah, qoto-dheerida celceliska qaybta dhexe waa 10 mitir.[5][6] Waa ku dhowaad 24 km (15 mi) dhexroor ahaan, laga bilaabo cirifka woqooyi ee Puntilla de las Raimas, meel u dhow Via Candelaria iyo Hassi Amatai, koonfurta ilaa Puntila Negra ama Punta Negra, meel u dhow Las Talaitas.[7] Qodobka ugu qoto dheer ee gacanka waa Hasi el Beied, oo u dhow bartamaha Gacanka Cintra. Biyaha gacanku waxay ka kooban yihiin gudaha Angra de Citra iyo aagagga bannaanka ee Bajo El Tortugo, Bajo Ahogado, iyo Bajo del Medio Golfo. Biyaha pelagic-ka ee ka baxsan Gacanka Cintra waxaa loo yaqaan Bajo Arcila. Dhagaxyo dhaadheer, buuro ciid ah, xeebo, iyo balliyo ayaa ka kooban inta badan muuqaalka xeebta. Balli weyn, Bajo Tortugo ("Gacankii Yare ee Yaxaas-yare"), ayaa ku yaal dhinaca woqooyi, waxaana jira aag la yiraahdo Las Matorrales oo ku yaal qaybta koonfureed. Dhowr buurood, oo qaarkood ay leeyihiin dusha sare ama meelaha ugu sarreeya oo fidsan ayaa laga arki karaa gobolka oo dhan.

Gacanka Cintra wuxuu leeyahay jasiirad yar (peninsula) labada darafba. Punta de las Raimas oo ku taal woqooyi waa 2 mi (3.2 km) dherer ahaan waxayna u badan tahay ciid waxayna leedahay dhagaxyo iyo caqabad dhagax ah oo ku taal cirifka, halka buur ciid ah laga heli karo Punta Negra, taas oo leh caqabado dhagax ah oo ku fidsan qiyaastii 2 mi (3.2 km) agteeda.[6]

Gacalin-biyoodka ku yaal koonfur-galbeed ee Gacanka Cintra waxaa loo yaqaan Banco de Sylvia. Waxay u dhaxaysaa Dakhla iyo Gacanka Cintra, halka Amseisat Saccum iyo Imlili ay ka sii fog yihiin bari gudaha saxaraha gudaha.

Dhinaca ka soo horjeeda ee Las Taraitas iyo Morro de Gorrei waa Gacanka Gorrei ama 'Bahia de Gorrei, oo qaab ahaan u eg laakiin ka yar Gacanka Cintra. Waxaa jira dhowr gacmood ama meelo kale oo qaababkoodu aad ugu eg yihiin Gacanka Cintra ama Gorrei ee gobolka Rio de Oro.

Bathymetry

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Arrimaha juqraafi iyo bathymetric ee Gacanka Cintra ayaa ka dhigaya mid ku habboon kalluumeysiga iyo beerashada biyaha.[6] Gacalkiisa iyo muuqaalkiisa xiran waxay siinayaan heerkulka biyaha ugu sarreeya gobolka. Qulqulka koonfur-waqooyi wuxuu socdaa oo kaliya gudaha gacanka waxaana saameeya hirarka, gaar ahaan aagagga u dhow biyaha furan. Qulqulkani wuxuu sidoo kale keenaa wareeg, ama wareegga badda ee levorotation, oo ku yaal aagga woqooyi.[6]

Taariikhda dabiiciga ah

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Xeebta gacanka iyo aagagga ku hareeraysan waa qayb ka mid ah galbeedka Saxaraha, iyadoo inta badan ay daboolan yihiin buuro ciid ah, taas oo ka dhigaysa dhirta gacanka Cintra mid aad u liita.

Marka loo eego dhulka, biyaha aaggan waa qayb ka mid ah Nidaamka Canary Current kaas oo ah qulqul-biyood aad u wax soo saar badan, iyo Nouadhibou Upwelling. Mid ka mid ah aagagga waaweyn ee upwelling-ka ayaa ku yaal meel u dhow shelf-ka qaaradda. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa aagga mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu qanisan kalluumeysiga adduunka, Gacanka Cintra laftiisa wuxuu u adeegaa sidii meel kulul oo loogu talagalay zooplankton[8] iyo goob lagu dhalo sardinnada.[9] Cephalaspidea ayaa sidoo kale laga heli karaa gudaha gacanka.[10]

Inkasta oo Morocco ay mar ka fikirtay inay abuurto beer qaran oo ay ku jiraan Gacanka Cintra iyo Dakhla,[11] waxaa la sheegay in deegaanka iyo noolaha Gacanka Cintra ay halis ugu jiraan qorshe socda oo lagu xoojinayo beerashada biyaha ee Morocco iyadoo la kaashanayo EU-da,[12][13][6][14] iyo in cilmi-baaris looga baahan yahay aagga, gaar ahaan nibiri-yada midig,[15] iyo ilaalinta bulshooyinka kalluumeysiga ee deegaanka.[16]

Naasleyda

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Cetaceans

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Iyada oo ku saleysan diiwaannada ugaarsiga nibiriyada ee qarnigii 19-aad, xeebta laga bilaabo 10 mayl waqooyi ka xigta Puntilla de las Raimas, oo ay ugaarsatada u bixiyeen Gacanka "Goree", ilaa 20 mayl woqooyi ka xigta Cabo Barbas[17] iyo malaha baaxad ballaaran[18] waxay ahayd meesha kaliya ee la yaqaan ee jiilaalka ama dhalmada ee dadka bariga Waqooyi Atlaantik ee nibiri-yada midig ee Waqooyi Atlaantik.[19] Nibiriyadan hadda waxaa loo malaynayaa inay yihiin kuwo dabar-go'ay ama tiradoodu aad u yar tahay.[20] Qarniyadii 18-aad iyo 19-aad, Gacanka Cintra wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah saddex ama afar goobood oo waaweyn oo loogu talagalay ugaarsiga nibiriyada midig ee Waqooyi Atlaantik, oo ay la socdaan koonfur-bari xeebaha Mareykanka, Cape Farewell ee Greenland, iyo malaha gobolka Iceland, sidoo kale waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah laba goobood oo jiilaal-guga ah oo ay la socdaan xeebaha US.[21]

Qiyaastii 92 nibiri ayaa la dilay intii lagu jiray 44 booqasho oo ay sameeyeen ugaarsatada laga bilaabo Noofambar ilaa Abriil sannad kasta, taas oo siinaysa gobolkan cufnaanta ugaarsiga ugu sarreeya qarnigii 19-aad, inkasta oo ugaarsiga aan la fulin xilliyada oo dhan. 82 ka mid ah xayawaankaas ayaa dhab ahaan la qabtay labadii sano ee ugu horreysay ee 1855–56, malaha noocyo kale sida humpbacks. Cilmi-baaris saynis oo fidsan ilaa Dakhla ayaa la sameeyay 1998 mana jiro wax caddayn ah oo muujinaya in nibiriyada midig ay weli isticmaalayaan aagga.[22] Waxa kale oo la ogaaday in biyahan xeebta ay si la yaab leh u liiteen noolaha cetacean. Kaliya laba nooc ayaa la helay si joogto ah, labaduba tiro aad u yar, labaduba waxaa la helay oo kaliya gobolka Dakhla Bay: nooc ka weyn dolphinka sanka-dhalada iyo dolphinka humpback ee Atlaantik. Nibiriyada dilaaga ah ayaa la ogyahay inay ku dhacaan xeebaha Saxaraha Galbeed maanta[23] mararka qaarkoodna tiro aad u badan, sida ku cad diiwaannada ugaarsiga nibiriyada.

Cilmi-baarisyo dhowaan la sameeyay ayaa rajada ka dhigay in Cinta Bay laga yaabo in dib loogu dego nibiriyada midig ee ka yimid dadka galbeedka, maadaama labada dadba ay muujiyeen inay aad ugu dhow yihiin midba midka kale sidii hore loo malayn jiray.[24]

Iyadoo aan loo eegin cufnaanta deegaanka, nibiriyada baleen, nibiriyada fin, nibiriyada Brydes, nibiriyada sei, iyo nibiriyada minke ayaa la ogyahay inay weli ku dhacaan xeebaha Saxaraha Galbeed. Kuwan, nibiriyada fin iyo nibiriyada Bryde ayaa la xaqiijiyay inay joogaan meelaha Dakhla iyo Cintra - Gorrei. Noocyo kale sida Risso's dolphins,[25] dolphinka caadiga ah, dolphinka ilka-qallafsan, iyo harbor porpoises[26] kuwaas oo la xaqiijiyay inay joogaan aagga Bay of Arguin ayaa laga yaabaa inay halkan sidoo kale ka dhacaan.[27][28] [29]

Pinnipeds

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Iyadoo ay la socdaan cetaceans, Gacanka Cintra wuxuu bixin karaa deegaan muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay nibiriyada monk-ga ee Mediterranean oo halis ugu jira dabar-go'.[30][31] Waxaa si ba'an loo ugaarsaday ilaa heer dabar-go' qarnigii 15-aad ee ugaarsatada Yurub iyo qabaa'ilka deegaanka, haddana waxay ku dhow yihiin inay dabar-go'aan Badda Mediterranean. Inkasta oo aysan ku jirin Gacanka Cintra, Cabo Blanco oo ku taal Dakhla Peninsula ayaa weli martigelisa mid ka mid ah gumeysiyada ugu waaweyn ee hadhay.[32]

Noocyada dhulka

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Qayb weyn oo ka mid ah noolaha xayawaanka dhulka ee gacanka hareerihiisa ayaan caddayn oo lama baran. Geel saaxiibtinimo leh (dromedary) ayaa ku nool xeebta.[33]

Xayawaannada badda ee gurguurta

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Qoolleyda badda ayaa la ogyahay inay ku buulleydaan xeebta gacanka.[30] Waxaa jiray daraasado diiradda saaraya gobolka Dakhla.[34]

Shimbiraha

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Noocyo badan oo shimbiraha muhaajiriinta ah iyo shimbiraha badda, sida shimbiraha wader ee Galbeedka Palearctic, ayaa jiilaalka ku qaata xeebta Saxaraha Galbeed, gobolka Gacanka Cintra iyo Banc d'Arguin National Park, oo ah Goobta Dhaxalka Adduunka ee UNESCO, Mauritania halkaas oo ku dhowaad 110 nooc oo shimbiraha badda ah la xaqiijiyay.[35][11] Iyada oo lagu salaynayo daraasado dabagal-bayooloji ah, osprey-ga ayaa sidoo kale ah nooc u muhaajira halkan.[36]

Degsiimooyinka

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
Mid ka mid ah degsiimooyinka u dhow Gacanka Cintra

Aaggu aad buu u fog yahay oo ku dhowaad dad la'aan baa, iyadoo kaliya dhowr degsiimo oo kalluumeysi oo yar yar oo guryo ah ay ku kala firirsan yihiin xeebta. Kuwan, Puntillas de las Raimas oo ku taal Bajo Tortugo, cirifka woqooyi ee gacanka, waa tan ugu weyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadku waxay yaraadeen waqtiyadii dhowaa tuuladuna waxay ku dhowaatay inay cidlo noqoto ilaa 2012.[25] Porto Rico, degsiimo kale oo kalluumeysi oo ku taal waqooyiga gacanka, ayaa sidoo kale lumisay dad aad u badan.[37]

Magaalada ugu dhow waa Dakhla, oo qiyaastii 120 km (75 mi) u jirta.

Dalxiiska

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Inkasta oo Gacanka Cintra loo tixgeliyey soo jiidasho maxalli ah, duufaannada ciidda (gaar ahaan guga) iyo miinooyinka laga soo ururiyay Cabo Barbas ayaa ka dhigaya aagga mid aan ku habboonayn dalxiisayaasha.[38]

Qoraalo

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  1. ↑ Weerarkii dhabta ahaa, oo ay kabtankii iyo 7 ka mid ah raggiisii ku nafwaayeen, ayaa ka dhacay Gacanka Arguin, oo dhanka koonfureed ka sii fog

Sidoo kale eeg

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Tixraac

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  1. ↑ Burkhalter M. (2011). "Cintra Bay West Sahara". p. Panoramio. Archived from the original on 2014-05-12. Retrieved 2013-12-02.
  2. ↑ Cortesão (1931); Diffie & Winius (p.82)
  3. ↑ S, Chris (27 March 2016). "'V' is for Vintage Sahara Maps". Archived from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  4. ↑ "Browse datasets | NASA Earth Observations (NEO)". Archived from the original on 2015-03-06. Retrieved 2020-09-16.
  5. ↑ http://www.equipement.gov.ma/maritime/PORTS/La%20connaissance-du-milieu/Documents/Annuaire%20des%20cotes_DAKHLA.pdf Archived Juun 3, 2016 // Wayback Machine Archived 2016-06-03 at the Wayback Machine.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 National Agency for Aquaculture Development of Kingdom of Morocco. Call for Expression of Interest Marine Aquaculture Development Project Ined Dakhla Oued Ed Dahab REgion Archived Diseembar 30, 2019 // Wayback Machine (pdf). Retrieved March 28, 2017
  7. ↑ Around Guides. Angra de Cintra. Retrieved December 27. 2014
  8. ↑ Berraho, Amina; Abdelouahab, Hinde; Baibai, Tarik; Charib, Said; Larissi, Jamila; Agouzouk, Aziz; Makaoui, Ahmed (1 July 2019). "Short-term variation of zooplankton community in Cintra Bay (Northwest Africa)". Oceanologia. 61 (3): 368–383. doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2019.02.001.
  9. ↑ "Fishery Audit Report Checklist" (PDF). Friend of the Sea. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-20. Retrieved 2014-12-27.
  10. ↑ Malaquias, Manuel António E.; Ohnheiser, Lena T.; Oskars, Trond R.; Willassen, Endre (September 2016). "Diversity and systematics of philinid snails (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea) in West Africa with remarks on the biogeography of the region". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1111/zoj.12478. hdl:1956/17026.
  11. 1 2 Rufino R.; Neves R.; Pina J.P. (1998). "Wintering waders in Dakhla Bay, Western Sahara" (PDF). Wader Study Group Bulletin. 87: 26–29. Retrieved 2014-12-26.
  12. ↑ EU funding to fish sector in occupied Western Sahara increases. Retrieved March 30, 2017
  13. ↑ The Sahara Question. 2013. Spanish Consortium Wins Morocco Tender to Develop Aquaculture in Dakhla Region Archived Febraayo 13, 2020 // Wayback Machine. Retrieved December 26. 2014
  14. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-05-14. Retrieved 2016-04-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. ↑ Reeves R. R.. Leatherwood S..1994-1998 Action Plan for the Conservation of Cetaceans: Dolphins, Porpoises, and Whales (pdf). The lUCN Conservation Library. Retrieved March 28, 2017
  16. ↑ Economic, Social and Environmental Council of Morocco. 2013. New Development Model for the Southern Provinces Archived Juun 5, 2020 // Wayback Machine (pdf). Retrieved March 28, 2017
  17. ↑ Randall R. Reeves, 2001, Overview of catch history, historic abundance and distribution of right whales in the western North Atlantic and in Cintra Bay, West Africa, Journal of Cetacean Research and Management, Special Issue 2, pp.187–192
  18. ↑ Good, Caroline (24 April 2008). Spatial Ecology of the North Atlantic Right Whale (Eubalaena Glacialis) (Thesis). hdl:10161/588.
  19. ↑ Reeves R.R. (2001). "Overview of catch history, historic abundance and distribution of right whales in the western North Atlantic and in Cintra Bay, West Africa". Journal of Cetacean Research and Management. 2: 187–192.
  20. ↑ Silvia A M.; Steiner L.; Cascao I.; Cruz J.M.; Prieto R., Cole T.; Hamilton K.P.; Baumgartner M. (2012). "Winter sighting of a known western North Atlantic right whale in the Azores" (PDF). Journal of Cetacean Research and Management. 12: 65–69. Retrieved 2013-04-28.
  21. ↑ Reeves, R.R.; Mitchell, E. (1986). "American pelagic whaling for right whales in the North Atlantic" (PDF). Report of the International Whaling Commission (Special Issue 10): 221–254. Retrieved 2013-10-09.
  22. ↑ Notarbartolo di Sciara G.; Politi E.; Bayed A.; Beaubrun.P.C.; Knowlton A. (1998). Donovan P.G.; et al. (eds.). "A Winter Cetacean Survey off Southern Morocco, With a Special Emphasis on Right Whales" (PDF). The Annual Report of the International Whaling Commission À (SC/49/O 3). 48: 547–551. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-02. Retrieved 2013-04-28.
  23. ↑ Ed Temperley. "Postcards From The Sahara". MSW-Magic Sea Weed. Retrieved 2013-12-02.
  24. ↑ "A whale named Pico". Whale and Dolphin Conservation. 11 April 2014. p. nicola.hodgins's blog. Archived from the original on 27 April 2014. Retrieved 2014-04-28.
  25. 1 2 Paul Wildlifewriter. 2014. Ghost Town - Geography lessons from Ospreys #437. Retrieved December 26. 2014
  26. ↑ Conservation Status of the Northwest African population of the Harbour porpoise
  27. ↑ WalshD. (2006), SeiWhale, Greenpeace, p. the DaveWalshPhoto.com, archived from the original on 2012-12-08, retrieved 2014-12-19
  28. ↑ White R. (2013), At Sea, from Senegal to Western Sahara - Apr 17, 2013 - National Geographic Explorer, the Lindblad Expeditions - National Geographic, retrieved 2014-12-19
  29. ↑ Waerebeek V.K.; Andrei M.; Sequeirai M.; Martin V.; Robinea D.; Collet A.; Ndiaye E.P.V. "Spatial and temporal distribution of the minke Whale,Balaenoptera acutorostrata (Lacépede, 1804), in the southernnortheast Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, With reference to stock identity" (PDF). J. Cetacean Res. Manag. l (3): 223–237. Retrieved 2014-12-20.
  30. 1 2 Tiwari M.; Aksissou M.; Semmoumy S.; Ouakka K. (2006). Morocco Footprint Handbook. Footprint Travel Guides. p. 265. ISBN 978-1-907263-31-6. Retrieved 2014-12-27.
  31. ↑ "Footprint Travel Guides". p. South into the Sahara. Archived from the original on 2013-12-27. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
  32. ↑ Johnson M.W.; Karamanlidis A.A.; Dendrinos P.; Larrinoa D.F.P.; Gazo M.; González M.L.; Güçlüsoy H.; Pires R.; Schnellmann M., Mediterranean Monk Seal Fact Sheet, The Monachus Guardian, archived from the original on 2023-10-31, retrieved 2014-12-19
  33. ↑ Triptrafic1. 2012. Sur les traces de l'Aéropostale.. http://www.Trafic-Amenage.com. Retrieved January 1, 2015
  34. ↑ Tiwari M.; Aksissou M.; Semmoumy S.; Ouakka K. (2006). "Sea Turtle Surveys in Southern Morocco (Plage Blanche – Porto Rico) in July 2006" (PDF). A Report to the Institut National de Recherche Halieutique, Casablanca, Kingdom of Morocco. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-19. Retrieved 2014-12-19.
  35. ↑ "Deserts and xeric shrublands - Atlantic coastal desert". p. WWF-World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
  36. ↑ Dailey J. 2014. UV and the Gulf of Cintra. Retrieved December 26. 2014
  37. ↑ Viaje Transahariano Enero 2012
  38. ↑ Western Sahara (Morocco): Tan-Tan – Fort Guerguerat [xiriiriye dhintay] (pdf). Retrieved March 28, 2017
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