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Friesoythe

Ka Wikipedia
Friesoythe
Magaalo
Kaniisad
Kaniisad
Calanka Friesoythe
Calanka
Astaanta Friesoythe
Astaan
Goobta Friesoythe gudaha Cloppenburg district

Khariidad
Friesoythe is located in Germany
Friesoythe
Friesoythe
Friesoythe is located in Germany
Friesoythe
Friesoythe
Isku-duwayaasha: 53°01′14″N 07°51′31″E / 53.02056°N 7.85861°E / 53.02056; 7.85861
DalGermany
DegmoCloppenburg
Dawladda
 • Duqa magaalada (2021–26) Sven Stratmann[1] (SPD)
Bedka
 • Wadarta
247.14 km2 (95.42 sq mi)
Joogga
6 m (20 ft)
Aagga waqtigaUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Xagaaga (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Koodka boostada
26169
Koodhka wicitaanka0 44 91
Diiwaangelinta baabuurtaCLP
Websaydhkawww.friesoythe.de

Friesoythe, (Af Jarmal pronunciation: [friːˈzɔʏtə] ⓘ or [friːsˈʔɔʏtə]; Low German: Aithe; Saterland Frisian: Ait ama Äit) waa magaalo ku taal degmada Cloppenburg, Lower Saxony, Jarmalka, oo ku taal webiga Soeste, 25 kilometres (16 mi) waqooyi-galbeed ka xigta Cloppenburg, iyo 30 kilometres (19 mi) koonfur-galbeed ka xigta Oldenburg.

Taariikhda

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1227kii, Count Otto von Tecklenburg wuxuu ka dhigay Oite Castle oo ku taal Friesoythe, oo hadda la dhisay, degnihiisa. Beeraleyda, ganacsatada iyo farsamoyaqaanada waxay si degdeg ah ugu degeen qalcadda agteeda. Sida hore ee qarnigii 13aad, Friesoythe waxay lahayd xiriir ganacsi oo ballaaran, sida ay caddaynayso lacagtii laga helay Friesoythe, oo ahayd in ka badan 300 oo lacagta qalink ah oo ka timid Cologne, Münster, Osnabrück iyo magaalooyin kale oo ku jiray wareegga ilaa 1235. Xarunta magaalada ee maanta dhakhso ayaa loogu wareegay darbi magaalo oo weyn waxaana muddo dheer loo tixgeliyey mid aan la soo geli karin. 1308 Friesoythe markii ugu horreysay waxaa lagu sheegay magaalo. Friesoythe mararka qaarkood waxaa loogu yeeraa "magaalada Hanseatic" waxayna lahayd mudnaanta Hanseatic. Wax cad ma aha in Friesoythe ay dhab ahaantii ka tirsanayd Ururka Hanseatic.

Friesoythe in 1906.

Friesoythe waxay wadaagtaa dhaqan kala duwan oo taariikhda Lower Saxony ah. Saameynaha dhaqameed ee badan ee Jarmalka, Anglo-Saxon, Holland, East Frisia, Danish iyo Iswiidhan ayaa ka muuqda magaalada iyo muwaadiniinta. Magaalada waxay leedahay taageerayaal waaweyn oo K Catholics ah iyo boqolkiiba yar oo Calvinism iyo Lutheranism. Waxay ahayd qayb ka mid ah Duchy of Oldenburg iyo sidoo kale xukunka Boqortooyada Faransiiska qarnigii 18aad.

Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka

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Ruins of Friesoythe after the city was burned by Canadian troops in April 1945.

Abriil 1945, magaalada Friesoythe waa la daadgureeyay oo waxaa qabsaday 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division, oo uu hoggaaminayo General Christopher Vokes. Inta badan dadweynaha magaalada oo ahaa 4,000 ayaa u guuray miyiga ku xeeran Abriil 11-12, 1945.[2]

Magaalada waxaa difaacayay ku dhowaad 200 oo ka tirsan ciidamada dalladda ee Battalion Raabe ee 7th German Parachute Division.[3] Ciidamadan dalladda waxay iska caabiyeen weerarkii ugu horreeyay ee Lake Superior Regiment (Motor) Abriil 13. Guutada Lake Superior waxay ka qaaday laba dhimasho iyo sagaal iyo toban dhaawac ah. Khasaaraha Jarmalku ma cadda.

Vokes wuxuu amray in dib loo billaabo weerarka maalintii xigtay ee The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's) uu hoggaaminayo Lieutenant Colonel Frederick E. Wigle. Weerarkii si fiican buu u socday, iyadoo Argylls ay sugayaan magaalada saacaddu markay ahayd 10:30. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saacaddu markay ahayd 08:30 tiro yar oo ka mid ah askarta Jarmalka ayaa si kedis ah u qabtay xarunta taatikada ee Wigle, iyagoo dilay Wigle iyo dhowr askari oo kale.[4] Lieutenant Alan Earp wuxuu ka badbaaday rasaas madaxa kaga dhacday.[5]

Vokes wuxuu amray aarsasho degdeg ah. "S sarkaan heer sare ah oo ii ah, oo aan tixgelin iyo jacayl gaar ah u qabay, oo aan xiiso gaar ah u lahaa xagga xirfadda sababtoo ah kartidiisa hoggaamineed, waa la dilay. Kaliya ma aan dilin, waxaa la ii soo sheegay, laakiin dhabarka ayaa laga toogtay".[6] Sida uu qabo Vokes, "Waan yeeray GSO1-kayga . 'Mac,' ayaan ugu qayliyey, 'Waan gubayaa magaaladaas nacaladaysan.'"[7]

Cutubyo iyo askari ka tirsan Argylls ayaa si iskood ah u billaabay in ay gubaan dhismayaasha ku yaal Friesoythe iyagoo aarsanaya dhimashada gaashaan-dhaheskooda,[8] laakiin Vokes markii dambe wuxuu soo saaray amar toos ah,Template:For what? waxaana magaalada si nidaamsan loogu shiday dab qori lagu shubay oo ku rakibnaa Wasp Carriers. Burburka waxaa loo isticmaalay in lagu xoojiyo waddooyinka degmada ee taangiyada qaybta.[9] Sida ay sheegayaan qiyaasta Jarmalka, 85% ilaa 90% magaalada waa la burburiyay, taas oo ka dhigtay mid ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu burbursan Jarmalka waqtigaas.[10] Vokes wuxuu faallo ka bixiyay in uusan lahayn "Wax dareen qoomamo ah oo ku saabsan tirtiridda Friesoythe."[9]Template:Sps The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders iyo Lake Superior Regiment (Motor) waxaa la guddoonsiiyay sharafta dagaalka "Friesoythe".

Qarniga 21aad

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Friesoythe waxay ka korortay tuulo oo noqotay magaalo yar waxayna wadaagtaa qaab dhismeedka dhaqameed iyo casriga ah ee naqshadda Jarmalka, Bauhaus, Victorian, Renaissance iyo Baroque. Shirkado waaweyn oo caalami ah ayaa degay iyagoo siinaya magaalada muuqaal casri ah iyo dareen nool. Isbitaal, waxbarasho, adeeg bas, adeeg caafimaad dhammaantood waxay ka diyaar yihiin bartamaha magaalada. Magaalada waxay leedahay isgaarsiinfraas iyo kaabayaal wanaagsan iyo Jarmal Ameerikaan ah, Boolish iyo Ruush badan oo ku dhex milmay dadkeeda.

Cimilada

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Dadka caanka ah

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Tixraac

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  1. ↑ "Direktwahlen in Niedersachsen vom 12. September 2021" (PDF). Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen. 13 October 2021.
  2. ↑ The Friesoythe Amtsgericht, or District Court, was closed on April 11th. If the District Court ceased to function on April 11, 1945, the evacuation of the bulk of the civilian population probably took place between April 11th through April 12th 1945. It was clearly a German and not a Canadian initiative. Ferdinand Cloppenburg, Die Stadt Friesoythe im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert, 173.
  3. ↑ War Diary, General Staff, 4th Canadian Armoured Division, 1 April 1945-30 April 1945. Appendix 38; dated April 14th, 1945. National Archives of Canada, Ottawa, ON, RG 24, vol. no. 13794. Intelligence report signed: E. Sirluck, Capt.
  4. ↑ Mark Zuehlke, On To Victory: The Canadian Liberation Of The Netherlands, p. 308
  5. ↑ War Diary, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada, April 14, 1945, pp. 10-11. Ottawa, ON, Canada. National Archives of Canada, RG 24, v. 15,005. The same entry for April 14th, 1945, is also reprinted in Robert L. Fraser's Black Yesterdays; the Argylls’s War, p. 431. Interview with Alan Earp.
  6. ↑ All the published accounts relate that Col. Wigle was shot in the back. However, Dr. Doug Bryce, the Medical Officer of the Argylls, said that he was shot in the head. Dr. Bryce thought very highly of Wigle ("the most wonderful man I have ever met"). Interview with Dr. Bryce, May 11, 1998.
  7. ↑ Chris Vokes, Vokes: My Story, 194-195. A similar account of Vokes and his role in the destruction of Friesoythe is found in Tony Foster’s Meeting of Generals, 437.
  8. ↑ Robert L. Fraser, Black Yesterdays; the Argylls' War. See the section entitled "The Burning of Friesoythe?" on pp. 435–437.
  9. 1 2 Tony Foster, Meeting of Generals, iUniverse, 2000, ISBN 978-0595137503, p. 437.
  10. ↑ Cloppenburg, Ferdinand (1996). "Die Stadt Friesoythe im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert". Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. Vol. 7 (20th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. pp. 165, 189.
  11. ↑ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023.

Suugaanta

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  • G. L. Cassidy, Warpath; the Story of the Algonquin Regiment, 1939–1945. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1948.
  • Ferdinand Cloppenburg, Die Stadt Friesoythe im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert. Friesoythe: Cloppenburg, 2003. Limited to 1,000 copies.
  • Tony Foster, Meeting of Generals. Toronto; New York: Methuen, c1986.
  • Robert L. Fraser, ed. Black Yesterdays; the Argylls' War. Hamilton, ON: Argyll Regimental Foundation, 1996. A work of 608 pp., numerous photographs, many illustrations, (some col.) limited to 1,000 copies. A lavish, massive, even monumental history of the Canadian Argylls during World War II and a model of its kind.
  • Friesoythe 25 Jahre danach: 1945-1970. Friesoythe: Stadt Friesoythe, 1970.
  • Landkreis Emsland. Wege aus dem Chaos; Das Emsland und Niedersachsen 1945-1949. Begleitbuch zur Ausstellung. 2. Aufl. Hrsg. vom Landkreis Emsland. Meppen: 1988.
  • C. P. Stacey, A Date with History; Memoirs of a Canadian Historian. Ottawa, ON: Deneau, c1983?
  • C. P. Stacey, Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. Vol. III. The Victory Campaign; the Operation in North-West Europe, 1944–1945. Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1960.
  • Chris Vokes, Vokes, My Story. By Major General Chris Vokes with John P. Maclean. Memorial Edition. Ottawa, ON: Gallery Books, 1985.
  • War Diary, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada, April 14, 1945, pp. 10–11. Ottawa, ON, Canada. National Archives of Canada, RG 24, v. 15,005
  • War Diary, 1st Battalion, The Lake Superior Regiment (Motor), April 12, 1945, sheet 15. Ottawa, ON, Canada. National Archives of Canada, RG 24, Vol. 15,099.
  • War Diary, General Staff, 4th Canadian Armoured Division, April 14, 1945, p. 15. Ottawa, ON, Canada. National Archives of Canada, RG 24, no. 13,794.
  • August Wöhrmann, "Die Kämpfe 1945 in und um Friesoythe," IN Friesoythe 25 Jahre danach: 1945-1970 (Friesoythe: Stadt Friesoythe, 1970) 8-29. Wöhrmann was the first to make a serious examination of the issue, and this work is a ground-breaking study of great value which identifies many of the relevant sources. Unfortunately Wöhrmann, a former soldier himself, reports he was unable to make any contact with the German paratroopers who defended Friesoythe.

Xiriirinta dibadda

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  • [http:// Mareegta rasmiga ah] (in Af Jarmal)


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