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Gacanka Sodwana

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Gacanka Sodwana
Sodwanabaai  (Af-Afrikaanka)
Muuqaalka xeebta gacanka iyadoo humpback whale uu ka muuqdo dhanka hore
Meesha dhacdo27°32′S 32°41′E / 27.533°S 32.683°E / -27.533; 32.683
Ocean/sea sourcesBadweynta Hindiya
Wadanka biyo fadhiisigaKoonfur Afrika

Gacanka Sodwana waa gacan ku yaal Koonfur Afrika oo ku taal xeebta woqooyi ee KwaZulu Natal, inta u dhaxaysa St. Lucia iyo Harada Sibhayi. Waxay ku dhex taal Beerta Qaranka ee Gacanka Sodwana, iyo Kaydka Badda ee Maputaland, waana goob caan ku ah quusitaanka madadaalada. Magaca waxaa caadi ahaan loo adeegsadaa in lagu tilmaamo labadaba kaydka badda iyo beerta dhulka, iyo sidoo kale gacanka juqraafi ahaan.

Beerta Qaranka ee Gacanka Sodwana waa xariijin cidhiidhi ah oo ah dunes ciid kaymo ah oo ku yaal xeebta bari. Waxaa loo aqoonsaday beerta qaranka 1950-meeyadii, waxaana inta badan booqda kalluumaysato iyo quusayaal.[1] Sodwana waxay ku taal Aagga Badda ee La Ilaaliyo ee Maputaland waana aagga kaliya ee quusitaanka isboortiga ee baaxadda leh ee ku yaal xeebta Greater St Lucia Wetlands Park (oo hadda loo bixiyay iSimangaliso[xigasho u-baahan]). Waxaa loo kala saaray mid ka mid ah goobaha ugu wanaagsan ee quusitaanka adduunka,[2] beerta waxaa sanadkii booqda ilaa 35,000 oo quusayaal ah. Gacanku wuxuu u dhow yahay cidhifka koonfureed ee deegaanka badda ee kulaylaha ee galbeedka Indo-Pacific, waxaana ku yaal xashiishka coral-ka. Xarigga 50 km (31 mi) waa hoyga noocyo badan oo deegaan iyo socdaal ah. Dhowr kanaal oo badda hoosteeda ah ayaa gooyay cidhifka shelf-ka qaaradda, kaas oo aad ugu dhow xeebta. Waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah kuwan oo 27 Nofeembar 2000 la ogaaday dad deegaan ah oo coelacanth ah.

Sailfish, king mackerel, kingfish iyo noocyada kale ee kalluunka ayaa u guura dhanka koonfureed ee xeebta bari ee Afrika, tan iyo markii hawlaha burcad-badeedda ee xeebta woqooyi-bari ee Afrika ay sii bateen, dadka kalluunka ee caafimaadka qaba ayaa mar kale gaaray ilaa koonfurta xeebta Koonfur Afrika, taas oo dib u dhistay Sodwana sidii goob kalluumaysi oo isboorti ah.[3] Aagga badda ee la ilaaliyo waxaa lagu yaqaan naasleyda badda ee halista ugu jira oo ay ka mid yihiin whale shark, great white shark, zambezi sharks, hammerhead shark, blacktip shark, manta rays, orange-spotted grouper, potato cod, quraanjada maqaarka oo si weyn halis ugu jira,[4] quraanjada loggerhead, iyo coelacanth.[5] Daah-furka Coelacanths ayaa gobolka ka dhigay mid caan ka ah adduunka. Cadadka Maarso 2011 ee National Geographic, maqaal gaaban oo cinwaankiisu ahaa Dabaal-yaqaannadii Hore ayaa soo baxay, kaas oo ka hadlayay daahfurka coelacanths ee moolka Gacanka Sodwana iyo agagaarkeeda. Qayb yar oo ka mid ah maqaalka qoran ayaa sharraxaysa:

"Tan iyo markii la arkay fursaddan, Latimeria chalumnae waxaa laga helay dhowr jeebadood gudaha iyo hareeraha Badweynta Hindiya. Qofna ma garanayo inta ay yihiin - laga yaabee in ay u yar yihiin 1,000 ama ilaa 10,000. Sababo la xiriira qoto-dheerida deegaankooda, waxaa inta badan sawiray submersibles iyo baabuurta laga maamulo meel fog. Quusayaashii ayaa markii ugu horreysay diiwaangeliyay kalluunka [ee Gacanka Sodwana] sannadkii 2000; Janaayo iyo Febraayo 2010, koox si gaar ah loo tababaray ayaa quustay si ay sawirro uga qaadaan [mid kale] gumeysi yar oo ku yaal Gacanka Sodwana, Koonfur Afrika."

Daawashada nibiriga ee beegsanaya nibiriyada socdaalka ama deegaanka waa warshad dalxiis oo maxalli ah.[6] Dolphin-ka ayaa ku nool agagaarka waxaana la arkay iyagoo la dabaalanaya shark-ka nibiriga. Nibiriyada humpback ayaa u guura gacanka inta lagu jiro xilliyada jiilaalka ilaa gu'ga halka southern right whale iyo noocyada kale ay aad u yar yihiin. Nibiri-dilaha ayaa sidoo kale booqan kara biyaha gacanka.[xigasho u-baahan]

Aagagga dhulka ee iSimangaliso Wetland Park waa hoyga noocyada xayawaanka waaweyn ee dhulka sida libaax, gerraaf, maroodi, jeer iyo wiyil.[7]

Cimilada

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Cimiladu waa mid kulaylaha ah iyadoo heerkulka biyuhu inta badan ka sarreeyaan 20 °C (68 °F), ilaa 29 °C (84 °F) xagaaga.

Deegaanka

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Dhulka

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Khariidadda Deegaannada Koonfur Afrika

Badda

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Marine ecoregions of the South African Exclusive Economic Zone
Sodwana waxay ku taal Delagoa coastal ecoregion

Biyaha xeebta ee Gacanka Sodwana waxay ku jiraan Delagoa coastal marine ecoregion. Template:Expand section

Dhaqaalaha

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Dhaqaalaha maxalliga ah wuxuu ku salaysan yahay dalxiiska.

Dalxiiska

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Dalxiiska aaggan wuxuu ku salaysan yahay quusitaanka isboortiga, kalluumaysiga isboortiga iyo safarrada beerta ciyaarta.

Quusitaanka madadaalada

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Ruqsad ayaa looga baahan yahay in lagu quuso wax kasta oo MPA ah gudaha Koonfur Afrika, oo ay ku jiraan goobaha quusitaanka madadaalada ee Aagga Badda ee La Ilaaliyo ee iSimangaliso. Ruqsadahani waxay ansax yihiin hal sano waxaana laga heli karaa qaar ka mid ah laamaha Xafiiska Boostada.[8] Ruqsadaha ku-meel-gaarka ah, oo ansax ah bil, waxaa laga yaabaa in laga heli karo dukaamada quusitaanka ama hawl-wadeennada doonyaha quusitaanka ee ka shaqeeya MPA. Ruqsadda quusitaanka madadaalada ee shakhsi ahaaneed waxay ansax ku tahay dhammaan MPA-yada Koonfur Afrika halkaas oo quusitaanka madadaalada loo oggol yahay. Ruqsadda ganacsiga ee loogu talagalay in lagu fuliyo hawlaha ganacsiga quusitaanka madadaalada ee MPA waxaa lagu xaddiday MPA gaar ah. Quusitaanka ujeedooyin ganacsi ama saynis sidoo kale wuxuu hoos yimaadaa ruqsad.

Dhowr goobood oo lagu dabaasho, iyo tiro badan oo goobaha quusitaanka ah ayaa loo heli karaa quusitaanka madadaalada. Dhowr hawl-wadeennada quusitaanka ayaa ku sugan Sodwana, qalabka iyo buuxinta gaaska waa la heli karaa. Xaaladaha quusitaanka guud ahaan waa kuwo wanaagsan sanadka oo dhan, laakiin aragga ugu wanaagsan ee ilaa 30 mitir ayaa ugu suurtogalsan inta lagu jiro Abriil ilaa Sebteembar. Cimilada ku habboon quusitaanka habeenkii waa la diyaarin karaa.[1]

Goobaha quusitaanka waxaa lagu ururiyay aagagga soo socda:[1]

  • Two-mile Reef waa aagga ugu caansan ee leh qoto dheer oo u dhaxaysa 9 mitir ilaa in ka badan 30 mitir xagga cidhifka dibadda.
  • Quarter Mile Reef waxaa inta badan la quustaa Janaayo iyo Febraayo marka shark-ga ilkaha fiiqan ay isugu yimaadaan.
  • Stringer Reef oo qoto dheer oo 14 mitir ah waa reef yar oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo noocyo ah.
  • Four and Five Mile Reefs waxay ku saabsan yihiin 8 km (5.0 mi) laga bilaabo Jesser Point. Waxay yihiin kuwo xoogaa qoto dheer, waxayna leeyihiin coral-yo laamo leh, miis iyo saxan.
  • Seven Mile Reef waa aagga ku saabsan 11 km (6.8 mi) woqooyi ka xigta Jesser Point. Waxaa jira overhangs, drop-offs iyo reef-yo likaha ah.
  • Nine Mile Reef waa reef-ka ugu woqooyi ee aagagga la heli karo. Qoto dheeridu waxay u dhaxaysaa 6 ilaa 21 mitir. Waxaa jira coral geed cagaaran oo ku taal dhinaca badda ee reef-ka.
  • Quusitaanka Coelacanth ee kanaalka waxay u baahan yihiin ruqsad gaar ah iyo shahaado iyo karti ku filan quusitaanka trimix ee qoto dheer oo ka badan 100 m.
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Tixraac

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  1. 1 2 3 "Water Based Activities at Sodwana Bay National Park". www.nature-reserve.co.za/. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
  2. ↑ "Top dive sites in the World | PADI". PADI Travel (in Ingiriisi). Retrieved 2021-04-30.
  3. ↑ [xigasho u-baahan]
  4. ↑ "Sodwana Bay National Park, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa". Siyabona Africa Travel. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
  5. ↑ Venter, Pieter; Timm, Peter; Gunn, Gilbert; le Roux, Etienne; Serfontein, Christo; Smith, Pieter; Smith, Erna; Bensch, Martin; Harding, Dennis; Heemstra, Phillip (1992). "Discovery of a viable population of Coelacanths (Latimeria Chalumnae Smith, 1939) at Sodwana Bay, South Africa]". Science in Africa. Archived from the original on 18 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2014. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help) Archived 2014-12-18 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ↑ "Whale watching". Sodwana Bay Lodge. Archived from the original on 18 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2014. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)Archived 18 Diseembar 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ↑ Taylor, William (1999). Africa's big five. Gerald Hinde, R. F. Du Toit. Johannesburg: Southern. ISBN 1-86812-779-6. OCLC 42659355.
  8. ↑ "R118. Draft Regulations for the management of the Isimangaliso Marine Protected Area" (PDF). Regulation Gazette No. 10553. 608 (39646). Pretoria: Government Printer. 3 February 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 Bisha Labaad 2017. Retrieved 28 Bisha Lixaad 2026. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date= and |archive-date= (help)

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