Harada Elmenteita
| Harada Elementaita | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Meesha dhacdo | 0°27′S 36°15′E / 0.450°S 36.250°E |
| Wadanka biyo fadhiisiga | Kenya |
| Baaxada biyaha | 18 km2 (6.9 sq mi) |
| Surface elevation | 1,670 m (5,480 ft) ASL |
| La magacaabay | 5 September 2005 |
| Tixraac no. | 1498[1] |
| Magaca rasmiga ah | Kenyan Lake System of the Great Rift Valley |
| Shuruudaha | Natural: vii, ix, x |
| Tixraac | 1060 |
| Diiwaangelinta | 2011 (35aad Kalfadhiga) |
Harada Elmenteita waa haro soodhada leh, oo ku taal Dooxada Riftiga ee Kenya, qiyaastii 120 km dhanka waqooyi-galbeed ee Nairobi, Kenya.[2]
Juqraafiga
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
Elmenteita waxaa laga soo qaatay ereyga Maasai-ga ah ee muteita, oo la halkan ah "meel boodh ah", iyadoo loola jeedo engegnaanta iyo boodhka deegaanka, gaar ahaan laga bilaabo Jannaayo ilaa Maarso. Magaalada Gilgil waxay u dhowdahay harada. Taxanaha koonfur-ilaa-waqooyi ee harooyinka Dooxada Riftiga, Elmenteita waxay u dhaxaysaa Harada Naivasha iyo Harada Nakuru. Dhererka jararka u dhow, jidka weyn ee isku xira Nairobi iyo Nakuru (Ilaalada A104) wuxuu siiyaa wadayaasha baabuurta muuqaal aad u qurux badan oo harada ah. Maanta haradu waa aag la ilaaliyo sababo la xiriira nolosha shimbiraheeda, waxaana loo magacaabay Goob Hadafka Dhaxalka Dunida ee UNESCO iyada iyo Harada Nakuru iyo Harada Bogoria.
Qiyaastii 10,000 oo sano ka hor, Harada Elementaita, iyada iyo harooyinka dariska la ah ee Nakuru iyo Bogoria, waxay dhisneen hal haro oo biyo macaan ah oo mool dheer, taas oo aakhirkii engegtay, iyadoo reebtay saddexdan haro inay noqdaan haraaga.[3]
Cidhifka koonfureed ee harada waxaa ku yaal ilaha biyaha kulul ee "Kekopey", kuwaas oo uu ku tarmo nooc kalluun ah oo lagu soo kordhiyay deegaanka, oo ah tilapia-ha Harada Magadi. Dhirta cawska maryafeexya ah ee u dhow waa goobaha ay ku jillaabtaan korgatada habeenkii iyo haddayda.
Waa haro soodhada leh (alkali sare leh, kala duwanaansho noole sare leh).[4]
Taariikhda
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Aagga Harada Elmenteita wuxuu arkay degitaankiisii ugu horreeyay ee dadka caddanka ah markii Hugh Cholmondeley, 3rd Baron Delamere (1879−1931) uu ka dhisay beerta xoolaha ee Soysambu dhul baaxaddiisu tahay 190-square-kilometre (48,000-acre) oo ku yaal dhanka galbeed ee harada. Wuxyy dhul dhanka kale ee harada ah hadiyad u siiyay dumaashigiis, Galbraith Lowry Egerton Cole (1881−1929), qayb ka mid ah beertiisa xoolaha ee Kekopey, halkaas oo lagu aasay, laguna ilaaliyo maanta oo ah Lake Elementaita Lodge.
Beerta xoolaha ee Soysambu, oo weli ay leedahay qoyska Delamere, waxay daboolaysaa laba-meelood saddex meelood ee xeebta waxayna hoy u tahay wax ka badan 12,000 oo duurjoog ah. Harada lafteedu waxay ahayd goob Ramsar tan iyo sannadkii 2005.[5]
Deegaanka
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Waqi ahaan wax ka badan 400 oo nooc oo shimbiraha ah ayaa lagu diiwaangeliyay weelka Harada Nakuru/Harada Elmenteita. Elmenteita waxay soo jiidataa shimbiraha flamingo-ga ee soo booqda, labadaba noocyada waaweyn iyo kuwa yaryar, kuwaas oo quuta crustaceans-ka harada iyo dirxiga cayayaanka iyo algae-da buluugga-cagaarka ah ee dhex lulan, siday u kala horreeyaan. Tilapia-ha Harada Magadi ayaa harada lagu soo kordhiyay iyadoo laga keenay Lake Magadi sannadkii 1962, tan iyo xilligaas tirada flamingo-ga ayaa hoos u dhacday si weyn. Tilapia-du waxay soo jiidataa shimbiraha badan ee kalluunka cuna kuwaas oo sidoo kale quuta ugxaanta iyo dhalada flamingo-ga. Wax ka badan hal milyan oo shimbirrood oo markii hore ku tarmi jiray Elmenteita ayaa hadda la sheegay inay gabbaad u raadsadeen Harada Natron ee Tanzania.
Xeebaha harada waxaa daaqa fardowaraa, deerada, bocorka iyo qoysas doofaar-duureed ah.
Haradu inta badan waa mid aad u gacmeed (moolkeedu waa ka yar yahay 1 m) waxaana ku hareeraysan dhoobo qolof trona leh leh xilliyada qallalan. Dhammaadkii Pleistocene iyo horraantii Holocene, Harada Elmenteita waxay mararka qaar ku dhex darsami jirtay Harada Nakuru oo ballaaratay, iyagoo dhisayay haro aad u weyn oo dhuuban. Haraaga haradii hore ee ku midoobay waxay u kaydsan yihiin dhoobo ahaan meelo kala duwan oo hareeraha weelka harada ah, oo ay ku jiraan xeebahoodii hore.
Dhowaanahan heerka harada iyo tirada flamingo-ga ayaa hoos u dhacay iyadoo kordhinta waxqabadka bini'aadanka ay engegisay aagagga weelka biyaha.[6]
Goobaha la xiriira
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Waxaa u dhow Matxafka Kariandusi, oo ah goob muhiim ah oo taariikhda ka horreysay halkaas oo masacyo dhagax ah iyo miishaarro laga helay sannadkii 1928-kii oo uu helay Louis Leakey.
Elmenteita Badlands waa qulqul lava ah oo dhanka koonfureed ka xiga harada, kaas oo daboolan duur laguna yaqaan qaar ka mid ah madax-buureedyada muuqaalka quruxda badan leh.
Tixraacyo
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- ↑ "Lake Elmenteita". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
- ↑ Scoon, Roger N. (2018), "Lakes of the Gregory Rift Valley: Baringo, Bogoria, Nakuru, Elmenteita, Magadi, Manyara and Eyasi", Geology of National Parks of Central/Southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania, Springer International Publishing, pp. 167–180, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73785-0_15, ISBN 978-3-319-73784-3
- ↑ "Lake Nakuru | Lake Nakuru | World Lake Database - ILEC". wldb.ilec.or.jp. Retrieved 2025-03-11.
- ↑ Duckworth, Alexander W.; Grant, William D.; Jones, Bryan E.; Van Steenbergen, Robert (1996). "Phylogenetic diversity of soda lake alkaliphiles". FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 19 (3): 181–191. Bibcode:1996FEMME..19..181D. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00211.x.
- ↑ Peck, Dwight (17 September 2005). "Lake Elmenteita added to the Ramsar List". The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. Archived from the original on November 14, 2008. Retrieved 2009-04-19.
- ↑ Daily Nation, December 8, 2009: A lake lies on its deathbed Archived Sebteembar 15, 2012 // Wayback Machine Archived 2012-09-15 at the Wayback Machine