Josefina Aguilar
| Josefina Aguilar | |
|---|---|
 Farshaxanka dhoobada oo ku dhex jirta aqoon-is-weydaarsigeeda | |
| Ku dhashay | 1945 (Da'diisu waa 80–81) Oaxaca, Meksiko |
| Loo yaqaano | caruusadaha dhoobada (muñecas) |
| Qaabka | Farshaxanka hiddaha iyo dhaqanka |
Josefina Aguilar (dhalatay 1945) waa farshaxanka hiddaha iyo dhaqanka ee Meksiko oo ka soo jeedda Ocotlán de Morelos, Oaxaca.[1] Iyadoo xubin ka ah qoyska Aguilar, waxaa loogu aqoonsi badanyahay sawir-gacmeedyada yaryar ee dhoobada ah ee loo yaqaanno muñecas (caruusadaha), taas oo ah farsamo farshaxan oo ay ka baratay hooyadeed.[2][3] Aguilar waxay isticmaashaa dhoobada guduudan si ay u abuurto muuqaallada hawl maalmeedka tuulada, muuqaallada diiniga ah iyo kuwa hiddaha ah, shakhsiyaadka caanka ah,[4] iyo taalada gaarka ah ee Maalinta Geerida.[5] Dadka ururiya shaqadeeda waxaa ka mid ah Nelson Rockefeller, kaas oo shaqadeeda helay isagoo safar ku joogay Oaxaca sanadkii 1975,[6] iyo sidoo kale dadka had iyo jeer u soo safra Oaxaca si ay u arkaan shaqadeedii ugu dambeeyay.[5][7] Aguilar waxay sheegtay in caruusad kasta oo ay samayso ay tahay mid gaar ah.[8] Waxay noqotay qof indho la' sanadkii 2014, haddana waxay isticmaashaa taabashada si ay u abuurto farshaxankeeda.[9] Mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu ururinta badan shaqadeeda ayaa ka soo xigtay iyada oo leh "Ma ahan indhaha. Waa gacanta iyo maskaxda."[10]
Taariikh nololeed
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Josefina Aguilar waxaa macallimiin u ahaa hooyadeed Isaura Alcantara Díaz iyo ayeeyadeed.[11] Waxay bilowday inay farsamada ka barato iyaga markii ay lix sano jirka ahayd.[12] Aguilar hooyadeed waxay dhimatay sanadkii 1968, iyadoo 43 jir ah. Aabaheed wuxuu dhintay sanadkii 1976. Markii ay baraysay gabdhaheeda, Aguilar hooyadeed waxay rajaynaysay inay u gudbiso farsamo iyo khibrad ay noloshooda ku maareeyaan.[3] Markii ay ku jirtay horraantii labaatanaadkeeda, Aguilar waxay bilowday inay ku hesho warbaahinta caalamiga ah shaqadeeda.[13] Walaalaha Aguilar ee kala ah Guillermina, Irene, iyo Concepcion waxay sidoo kale noqdeen farshaxanno dhoobada ah oo guulaystay, mid walbana wuxuu leeyahay takhasus u gaar ah.[13] Markii la soo gaaray bilowgii qarnigii 21-aad, Josefina Aguilar waxay ahayd madaxa qoys ka kooban sagaal xubnood oo ka shaqeeya dhoobada, oo ay ku jiraan wiilasheeda Demetrio iyo Jose Juan Garcia. Xubnaha kale ee qoyska waxay diiradda saaraan rinjiyeynta ama hawlo kale.[8]
Hanaanka shaqada
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Qoyska Aguilar waxay dhoobada ay isticmaalaan ka qotaan god ku yaal beer ka baxsan Ocotlán de Morelos. Si ay u helaan dhoobada tayada leh ee loo baahan yahay, waa inay hoos u qotaan 10 ama 12 fiit. Waxay dhoobada ku qooyaan biyo, waxay dul dhigaan derin timir ah, ka dibna way ku dul socdaan si ay hawada uga saaraan. Inta ay qaabaynayso, Aguilar waxay ku fariisataa cidhibteeda iyadoo dul fadhida dhagax siman. Sawir-gacmeedyada dhammaaday waa inay gudaha ku qalaan toddobaad (qorraxda tooska ah waxay keeni kartaa inay dilaacaan) ka hor intaysan qoysku ku gubin foornada qoryaha lagu shido muddo sagaal saacadood ah. Sawir-gacmeedyo badan ayaa ku jaba inta hawsha lagu jiro. Kuwa badbaada habka gubidda waa inay habeenkii oo dhan qaboobaan ka hor intaan la rinjiyeyn. Qoyska Aguilar waxay farshaxankooda ku iibiyaan miisas lagu diyaariyey barxadda bannaan ee dhismaha ay deggen yihiin shanta qoys.[8] Aguilar iyo ninkeedii waxay iibsadeen dhulkii laga soo saari jiray dhoobada shaqadeeda loo isticmaalo. Markii hore, qoysku waxay toddobaad walba lacag ka bixin jireen dhoobada ay ka soo saartaan dhulkaas.[3]
Shaqada ku jirta madxafyada
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Shaqada Josefina Aguilar waxaa lagu soo bandhigay Museum of International Folk Art ee Santa Fe, Mexic-Arte Museum ee Austin, TX, San Antonio Museum of Art, iyo Mexican Museum ee San Francisco.[13] Heard Museum ee Phoenix, AZ
Warbaahinta kale
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Qoraaga buugaagta carruurta ee Jeanette Winter ayaa qortay oo sawirro u samaysay buug xisaab ah oo lagu dhiirrigeliyey nolosha iyo shaqada Aguilar.[14]
Tixraac
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- ↑ Paige Phelps (2008-02-29). "Beautiful Excess of Latin Folk Art Enlivens Southlake Home". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- ↑ "Josefina Aguilar Alcántara (daughter of Isaura and Jesús)". FOFA. Archived from the original on December 22, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
- 1 2 3 Wasserspring, L., & Ragan, V. (2000). Oaxacan Ceramics: Traditional Folk Art by Oaxacan Women. Chronicle Books.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Janet Kutner (2006-09-24). "Santa Fe Gallery Owner Combs Oaxaca Scene". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- 1 2 Marla Jo Fisher (2005-12-04). "Clay Nation". The Orange County Register. Archived from the original on 2006-11-06. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- ↑ Dan Goddard (2006-02-26). "From the Collection". San Antonio Express-News. Archived from the original on 2012-10-07. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- ↑ Ann Jarmusch (2002-11-24). "Heirloom Hacienda". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- 1 2 3 Fisher, Marla Jo (2005-12-04). "Clay Nation Checklist: Folk-art collectors beat a dusty path to the door of the Aguilar family in Ocotlan de Morelos". The Orange County Register. Santa Ana, Calif.
- ↑ Lucas, Marcia (2016-04-27). "Josefina Aguilar: Artist Update". El Interior. Archived from the original on 2019-10-16. Retrieved 2019-03-09.
- ↑ Brown, Patricia (2017-02-27). "Mexican Villages Color Their World". The New York Times. Retrieved 2019-03-09.
- ↑ Vincentelli, Moira (2004). Women Potters: Transforming Traditions. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. pp. 179. ISBN 0-8135-3381-3.
- ↑ Bartra, E. (2011). Women in Mexican Folk Art: Of Promises, Betrayals, Monsters and Celebrities. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. p. 100.
- 1 2 3 Lucas, Marcia (2014-01-23). "Josefina Aguilar: Master Clay Artist". El Interior (in Ingiriis Maraykan). Archived from the original on 2019-09-20. Retrieved 2019-03-09.
- ↑ Freeman, Evelyn (2000). "Children's Books: Literacy". Reading Teacher.