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Mbandaka

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Mbandaka
Caasimadda gobolka iyo magaalo
Ville de Mbandaka
Xarunta ganacsiga ee Mbandaka, 2008
Xarunta ganacsiga ee Mbandaka, 2008
Mbandaka is located in Democratic Republic of the Congo
Mbandaka
Mbandaka
Isku-duwayaasha: 0°02′52″N 18°15′21″E / 0.04778°N 18.25583°E / 0.04778; 18.25583
Waddanka DR Kongo
GobolGobolka Équateur
La aas-aasay1883
Heerka magaalada1958
DegmooyinMbandaka, Wangata
Dawladda
[1]
 • Duqa magaaladaYves Balo
Bedka
 • Magaalo
460 km2 (180 sq mi)
Joogga
370 m (1,210 ft)
Dadka
 (2015)[2]
 • Magaalo
1,187,837
 • Cufnaanta2,600/km2 (6,700/sq mi)
 • Magaalo
[3]
376,000
 • Qowmiyadaha
Anamongo
Aagga waqtigaUTC+1 (Waqtiga Galbeedka Afrika)

Mbandaka (pronounced [mbaˈnda.ka], oo hore loogu yaqaanay Coquilhatville oo Faransiis ah, ama Coquilhatstad oo Holandees ah) waa magaalo ku taal Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiiga Kongo oo ku taal meel u dhow isgoyska wabiyada Kongo iyo Ruki. Waa caasimadda Gobolka Équateur.

Magaalada waxaa aas-aasay 1883 sahmintii reer Boqortooyada Midowday ee Henry Morton Stanley magaca Équateurville.

Xarunta dhexe ee Gobolka Afraad ee Ciidamada Badda ee Ciidamada Badda ee Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiiga Kongo waxay ku taallaa magaalada.

Juqraafi

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Mbandaka waxay ku taal bariga wabiga Wabiga Kongo ee ka hooseeya afka Wabiga Ruki, oo ah wabi laan u ah Kongo. Koonfurta Kaydka Ngiri, oo ah aag weyn oo kayn qoyan ah oo ku taal dhinaca kale ee Kongo, waxay ku taal bartamaha Tumba-Ngiri-Maindombe dhulka qoyan.[4]

Sharaxaad

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Mbandaka waa caasimadda gobolka Équateur, waxayna ku taal dhowr kiiloomitir u jirta dhulbaraha. Waxay hoy u tahay Madaarka Mbandaka waxaana ku xiran safar afar ilaa toddobo maalmood ah oo wabiga ah oo lagu tago Kinshasa iyo Boende. Kinshasa waa saacad duulimaad ah.

Mbandaka waxaa inta badan deggan dad ka tirsan qowmiyadda Mongo, inkasta oo dad ka kala yimid qabiillo iyo gobollo badan ay magaalada ku nool yihiin. Luuqadaha ugu muhiimsan ee lagaga hadlo Mbandaka waa Lingala, Faransiis, iyo Mongo.

Sanooyin dagaal iyo dayac ah ayaa sababay in kaabayaashii magaalada ay burburaan; qaybo waaweyn oo magaalada ka mid ah ma laha koronto ama biyo socda. Inta badan waddooyinka iyo jidadka magaalada waa waddooyin aan laami ahayn.

Taariikh

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
Dhismaha Bangiga Kongo ee Belgian

Mbandaka waxaa aas-aasay 1883 sahmintii reer Boqortooyada Midowday ee Henry Morton Stanley, kaas oo u bixiyay "Équateurville." (Wakhtigaas dhulku wuxuu hoos imaan jiray xukunka shakhsiyeed ee Boqor Leopold II, boqorkii Belgians-ka iyo luuqadda rasmiga ahna waxay ahayd Faransiis.)

Hoolka magaalada wuxuu ku yaallaa qiyaastii 4 km (2.5 miles) waqooyiga dhulbaraha. Mbandaka waa mid ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu dhow dhulbaraha ee magaalo kasta oo muhiim ah oo adduunka ah. Stanley wuxuu dhigay "Dhagaxii Dhulbaraha" oo weyn meel u dhow bangiga wabiga koonfurta magaalada si uu u calaamadiyo meesha uu rumaysnaa in dhulbaraha uu ka tallaabo wabiga. Waxay halkaas ku taal maanta. Sababo la xiriira goobteeda calaamadeed ee u dhow dhulbaraha iyo Wabiga Kongo, waxaa jiray qorshayaal hore oo lagu doonayay in caasimadda Congo Free State lagu meeleeyo Coquilhatville, sida magaalada loogu yeeri jiray, laakiin weligood kama rumoobin. Qorshayaashan waxaa ka mid ahaa kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ee dad lagu qiyaasay 100,000 oo qof, saldhig tareen, kaniisad Katoolik ah, hoyga guddoomiyaha, iyo qasriga booqashooyinka mustaqbalka ee Boqor Leopold II ee Belgians.[5]

1886, bilowgii xukunka gumeysiga, Belgians-ku waxay u beddeleen magaca magaalada "Coquilhatville" iyagoo ugu magac daray Camille-Aimé Coquilhat.

1938, shaqo ayaa ka bilaabatay buundada wabiga Kongo ee ku xirta Coquilhatville iyo Congo-ga Faransiiska (hadda ah Jamhuuriyadda Kongo). Shaqadii waa laga tagay markii uu bilowday Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka, waxaana kaliya oo hadhay aasaaskii tiirarka buundada. 1930-meeyadii, Dowladda Congo-ga Belgian waxay bilowday mashaariic dhowr ah, oo ay ku jiraan warshado iyo hool magaalada cusub.

Hoolka magaalada waxaa la dhammaystiray 1947, isla markiiba ka dib dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka. Wakhtigaas, oo dhererkiisu ahaa 39 m (128 feet), wuxuu ahaa dhismihii ugu sarreeyay ee Congo-ga Belgian. Taallo Leopold II ah ayaa la saaray saqafkeeda. Hoolka magaalada waxaa burburiyay dab 1963.[6]

Ka dib markii Congo-ga Belgian ay heshay xorriyaddeeda oo ay noqotay Jamhuuriyadda Kongo, dowladdii cusub ayaa u beddeshay magaca magaaladan 1966 "Mbandaka" si ay u sharfto hoggaamiye maxalli ah oo caan ah.

Xasuuqii Hutu-ga

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Meel u dhow dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Kongo dabayaaqadii qarnigii 20-aad, boqolaal qof (inta badan qaxooti Hutu, haween, iyo carruur) ayaa lagu xasuuqay halkan 13-kii Maajo, 1997.[7][8] Askartii reer Kongo waxay sheegeen in amarku ka yimid Col. Wilson, oo madax u ahaa guuto ka tirsan ciidamada Kabila, iyo Col. Richard, oo ahaa madaxa hawlgallada guutada, labaduba waxay ahaayeen Rwanda-yiin. Gen. Gaston Muyango (Congolese) wuxuu haystay cinwaanka taliyaha militariga laakiin ma lahayn awood dhab ah, ayay yiraahdeen.[9]

Dillaacii Ebola

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

16-kii Maajo 2018, kiis Ebola ah ayaa ka dhacay magaalada, iyadoo cudurku ku faafay halkaas ka dib dillaac ka dhacay miyiga.[10][11] Dillaac cusub ayaa la soo sheegay 1-dii Juun 2020.[12] Saddex kiis ayaa waxaa xaqiijiyay WHO saddex kiis oo kalena waa suurtagal, kuwaas oo afar qof ay dhinteen ilaa 2-dii Juun, 2020.

Meelaha ugu muhiimsan

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Saldhigga Kaniisadda Katooliga iyo xarunta cilmi-baarista taariikhda Afrika ee Bamanya

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
File:Missie kerk a.JPG
Kaniisadda Mashiiniyadii Qalbiga Quduuska ah (MSC) ee Bamanya, 2008.

Xarun cilmi-baaris oo weyn oo ku saabsan taariikhda Afrika ee Bartamaha, oo ay markii hore aasaaseen Aabbayaasha Gustaaf Hulstaert iyo Honoré Vinck, waxay ku taal saldhigga kaniisadda Katooliga ee Bamanya (Ururka Qalbiga Quduuska ah ee Maryan (CCIM)), 10 km (6.2 miles) bari ka xigta Mbandaka.[13]

Beerta Botaniska ee Eala

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Waxaa jira beero botaniska oo ku yaalla Eala oo u dhow, qiyaastii 7 km (4.3 miles) bari ka xigta bartamaha magaalada. Beerta Botaniska ee Eala, oo la aas-aasay 1900, waxay hore u lahayd inta u dhaxaysa 4,000 iyo 5,000 oo nooc. Waxay daboolaysaa qiyaastii 370 hectares (910 acres) ururin gaar ah (125 ha or 310 acres), kayn (190 ha or 470 acres), marj (50 ha or 120 acres) iyo savanna "Euobe" (7 ha or 17 acres). Sababo la xiriira dagaal iyo khalkhal bulsho, beerta waa la dayacay. Waxaana lagu xiray xayndaab waana la tirsadaa qoryo goyn sharci darro ah. Buugga ugu dambeeyay ee hantideeda waxaa la daabacay 1924.

Mashruuca guryaha ee ugu horreeya ee Habitat for Humanity International

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Mbandaka waa hoyga mashruuca ugu horreeya ee adduunka ee Habitat for Humanity International. Aasaasaha Millard Fuller wuxuu u shaqeeyay sidii mashiin-yahan kaniisadda Disciples of Christ ee Mbandaka laga soo bilaabo 1973 ilaa 1976. Mashruuca guryaha ee Fuller ka bilaabay Mbandaka 1973 wuxuu caan ku noqday mashruuca ugu horreeya ee Habitat for Humanity markii Fuller uu aasaasay Habitat markii uu ku soo laabtay Mareykanka.

Kaniisadda Katooliga ee St Eugene ee Mbandaka. Erayada baiso baala nkolo, oo lagu qoray albaabka kaniisadda korkiisa, waa bilowgii Sabuurka 123 ee luuqadda Mongo.

Cimilada

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Mbandaka waxay leedahay cimilada kaynta roobka ee kulaylaha (Af) iyadoo la raacayo kala soocidda cimilada Köppen. Inkasta oo roobabka magaalada ay kala duwan yihiin, ma lahan xilli qalalan; bisha ugu qallalan waa Janaayo, celcelis ahaan qiyaastii 68 millimetres or 2.7 inches roobab. Bisha ugu roobka badan waa Sebtembar oo leh 201 millimetres or 7.9 inches. Heerkulku waa mid joogto ah sanadka oo dhan, iyadoo heerkulka dhexe uu u dhexeeyo 74 to 79 °F (23.3 to 26.1 °C).[14]

Dadka

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Sidoo kale eeg

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Tixraac

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  1. ↑ "Equateur : le nouveau maire de la ville de Mbandaka prend ses fonctions" (in Faransiis). Agence Congolaise de Presse (ACP). 1 January 2023. Archived from the original on 1 Bisha Koobaad 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2023. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
  2. ↑ caid.cd/index.php/donnees-par-villes/ville-de-mbandaka/?domaine=fiche
  3. ↑ PopulationStat.com
  4. ↑ "CD003 Ngiri". Birdlife International. Retrieved 2012-01-30.
  5. ↑ Le Congo: de la colonisation belge à l'indépendance, Auguste Maurel, page 94-95
  6. ↑ Le Congo : de la colonisation belge à l'indépendance, Auguste Maurel, pp. 153-155
  7. ↑ Jason Stearn (August 26, 2010). "Bombshell UN report leaked: 'Crimes of genocide' against Hutus in Congo". Christian Science Monitor.
  8. ↑ James C. McKinley Jr; Howard W. French (November 14, 1997). "Hidden Horrors: Special Report: Tracing the Guilty Footsteps Along Zaire's Long Trail of Death". New York Times.
  9. ↑ John Pomfret (June 11, 1997). "MASSACRES WERE A WEAPON IN CONGO'S CIVIL WAR". Washington Post.
  10. ↑ Bearak, Max (2018-05-17). "First confirmed urban Ebola case is a 'game changer' in Congo outbreak". Washington Post (in Ingiriis Maraykan). ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2018-05-17.
  11. ↑ "DR Congo Ebola outbreak: WHO in emergency talks as cases spread". BBC.
  12. ↑ "Second Ebola outbreak confirmed in DRC after four people die". Telegraph.
  13. ↑ Eeg: www.aequatoria.be
  14. ↑ "Mbandaka, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Weather→Climate Summary)". weatherbase. Archived from the original on 11 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
  15. ↑ "CLIMWAT climatic database". Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations. Archived from the original on 27 Bisha Sideedaad 2025. Retrieved 28 August 2024. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

Xiriirinta dibadda

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]


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