Sua Pan
| Sua Pan | |
|---|---|
 Sawir dayax-gacmeed oo muujinaya qaybta woqooyi ee Sua Pan | |
| Juqraafiga | |
| Degmada | Lamadegaanka Kalahari |
 | |
Sua Pan ama Sowa Pan waa meel dabiici ah oo aad u weyn oo hooseeya oo ku dhex taal gobolka Makgadikgadi ee waqooyi-bari Botswana. Waxay ku taallaa meel u dhow tuulada Sowa, oo magaceedu ka dhigan yahay milix luuqadda dadka San.[1][2] Sua salt pan waa mid ka mid ah saddexda meelood ee waaweyn ee ku dhex yaal Makgadikgadi, labada kale waa Nxai Pan iyo Nwetwe Pan.[3]
Sua Pan waxaa markii ugu horreysay dunida reer Yurub u sharraxay David Livingstone, ka dib markii uu baadhitaanno ka sameeyay gobolkan.[4] Helitaanno muhiim ah oo archaeological ah ayaa laga sameeyay gudaha Nwetwe Pan, oo ay ku jiraan qalabka Stone-Age ee dadkii ku noolaa aaggan[5] markii haro weyn oo sanadka oo dhan ah ay ka jirtay Sua iyo Nwetwe Pans.[6]
Brines-ka Sua Pan, oo ah mid ka mid ah harooyinka playa ee ugu waaweyn adduunka, waxay daboolaysaa qiyaastii 24,000 oo kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran. Inkasta oo sodium chloride ay tahay qaybta ugu muhiimsan, waxaa jira milixyo badan oo kale oo laga helo aaggan sida sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, iyo qaddar yar oo potassium chloride (potash).[7]
Hadda, Sua Pan waa haro xilliyeed; waxay biyo ka buuxsataa xilliga roobka ee xagaaga waxayna haysataa biyo ka yimaada Webiga Nata ilaa Abriil ama Maajo.[8] Mashruucyada ilaalinta duurjoogta ee ugu guulaha badan Botswana waxaa ka mid ahaa Nata Bird Sanctuary oo ay bulshadu bilowday waqooyi-bari ee aaggan. Waxaa la furay 1993 waxaana la guddoonsiiyay sanadkaas "Tourism for Tomorrow Award" ee Southern Hemisphere.[9] Waxaa taageera xubno ka tirsan afar tuulo oo u dhow, kuwaas oo gacan ka geystay sidii uu u guulaysan lahaa.
Mid ka mid ah laamaha Sua Pan waa Webiga Mosetse. Tuulada Mosetse ayaa loogu magac daray webiga waxayna ku taallaa hareeraha webiga.
Warshadaha
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]_altitude._-_panoramio.jpg)
Sua Pan waa goobta shirkadda macdanta ee sodium carbonate (soda ash) ee Botash. Shirkaddu waxay kala bar leedahay dowladda Botswana waxayna soo saartaa in ka badan 300,000 oo tan oo soda ash ah iyo 450,000 oo tan oo milix ah sanadkii.[10]
Marka laga soo tago soo saarista sodium carbonate, macdantu waxay sidoo kale soo saartaa halite, sodium sulfate iyo sodium bicarbonate. Macdantu waxay isticmaashaa nooc ka mid ah Solvay process si ay u soo saaraan soda ash-kooda iyo alaabada kale ee soo raaca.[11]
Gaadiidka
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Sua Pan waa xarunta galbeed ee Francistown–Sua Pan 174.5 km oo ah khadka tareenka.
Sidoo kale eeg
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Ilaha
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- David Livingstone (1868) Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa: Including a Sketch of Sixteen Years' Residence in the Interior of Africa, Harper Publishers.
- C.Michael Hogan (2008) Makgadikgadi, The Megalithic Portal, ed. A. Burnham
- Bryan Robert Davies and Keith F. Walker (1986), The Ecology of River Systems, Springer, 733 pages, ISBN 90-6193-540-7, ISBN 978-90-6193-540-7.
Tixraac
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- ↑ Sowa Pan. Botswana Tourism Board.
- ↑ Murphy, Alan (2007). Southern Africa (4th ed.). Lonely Planet. p. 99. ISBN 978-1-74059-745-6. OCLC 156530975.
- ↑ B.R. Davies, 1986
- ↑ D. Livingstone, 1868
- ↑ Jones, Sacha C.; Stewart, Brian A., eds. (2016). Africa from MIS 6-2: Population Dynamics and Paleoenvironments. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7520-5. ISBN 9789401775199. S2CID 12509903.
- ↑ Burrough, Sallie L.; Thomas, David S.G.; Bailey, Richard M. (July 2009). "Mega-Lake in the Kalahari: A Late Pleistocene record of the Palaeolake Makgadikgadi system". Quaternary Science Reviews. 28 (15–16): 1392–1411. Bibcode:2009QSRv...28.1392B. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.02.007.
- ↑ Republic of Botswana (November 24, 1980). "Botswana Soda-ash Study Contract No. AID/SOD/PDC-C-0407" (PDF). The Brines of Sua Pan. United States Agency for International Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on Bisha Labaad 21, 2017. Retrieved Bisha Lixaad 28, 2026.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|access-date=and|archive-date=(help) - ↑ "Makgadikgadi Pans Climate - Makgadikgadi Botswana". www.itravelto.com.
- ↑ Chris McIntyre (2010). Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe, Northern Kalahari. Bradt Travel Guides. pp. 387–. ISBN 978-1-84162-308-5. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
- ↑ "History". Archived from the original on 2020-12-02. Retrieved 2026-06-28.
- ↑ Frank D.Eckardt; Robert G.Bryant; Graham McCulloch; Baruch Spiro; Warren W.Wood (2008). "The hydrochemistry of a semi-arid pan basin case study: Sua Pan, Makgadikgadi, Botswana". Applied Geochemistry. 23 (6): 1563–1580. Bibcode:2008ApGC...23.1563E. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.12.033.