U bood nuxurka

Waddan, Liibiya

Laga soo xigtay Wikipedia, Insaykalobeedhiya xorta ah
Waddan
ودان
Ueddan
Waddan - Thermalbad-Anlag
Waddan - Thermalbad-Anlag
Waddan is located in Libya
Waddan
Waddan
Goobta ay ku taal Liibiya
Isku-duwayaasha: 29°09′40″N 16°08′37″E / 29.16111°N 16.14361°E / 29.16111; 16.14361
Waddan Liibiya
GobolFezzan
DegmoJufra
Joogga
[1][2]
807 ft (246 m)
Dadka
 (2004)[1]
 • Wadarta
27,590
Aagga waqtigaUTC+2 (EET)

Waddan (Af Carabi: ودان, Af Talyaani: Ueddan) waa magaalo oasis ah oo ku taal Saxaaraha Weyn ee gobolka waqooyi-bari ee Fezzan ee koonfur-galbeed ee Liibiya, ee Degmada Jufra. Waxay ahayd magaalo muhiim ah oo ku taal waddooyinkii ganacsiga ee qadiimiga ahaa ee ka gudbi jiray Saxaaraha.

Juqraafiga

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Waddan waa magaaladii ugu da'da weyneyd ee Degmada Jufra oo ku taal 230 km koonfurta ka xigta Sirte, iyo 19 km waqooyi-bari ka xigta Hun. Magaaladu waxay ku taal isgoyska waddada Sirte-Waddan iyo Waddada Fezzan.

Ilaha dabiiciga ah waxay taageeraan beero asal ah oo timir ah (Phoenix dactylifera).

Taariikhda

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Qarnigii toddobaad ee C.E., Waddan waxay ahayd magaaladii ugu weynayd ee degsiimooyinka oasis ee aagga al-Jufra.[3] Waxaa loo qabsaday Islaamka intii lagu jiray safarkii koonfureed ee Amr ibn al-As sannadkii 642 C.E. oo uu hoggaaminayay taliye Busr ibn Artat, in kasta oo uu kaliya qaaday canshuur mana uu deegin ciidan magaalada.[4] Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ina-adeerkii Amr ibn al-As, Uqba ibn Nafi, ayaa dib u qabsaday Waddan 666-667, wuxuuna halkaas ka dhisay xarun ciidan.[5]

Bartamihii qarnigii 13-aad, Waddan waxay ahayd barta ugu fog ee waqooyi ee ay maamusho Boqortooyada Kanem.[6]

Intii lagu guda jiray Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Liibiya, ciidamada NATO ayaa duqeeyay bakhaar hub oo ku yaal magaalada.[7] 8 Sebtembar 2011, magaalada ayaa lagu soo waramayaa inay ku jirtay gacanta ciidamada xulafada la ah Golaha Ku-meel-gaadhka Qaranka.[8]

In kasta oo dawladda Liibiya ay ku dhawaaqday 2014 inay burburisay dhammaan hubkeeda kiimikada ah,[9] ka dib markii uu dhacay Qadaafi iyo bilowgii dagaallada sokeeye ee Liibiya hub kiimiko oo dheeraad ah ayaa la helay.[10] Intii lagu jiray dagaallada sokeeye ee Liibiya, qaar ka mid ah ayaa lagu burburiyay xarunta GEKA ee Jarmalka,[11] laakiin wakaaladda Difaaca Khatarta Yaraynta ee Maraykanka ayaa ka dhistay xarun lagu baabi'iyo hubka kiimikada magaalada Waddan, halkaas oo ay ku burburiyeen 570 hub kiimiko ah intii lagu jiray hawlgalkeeda.[10]

Dhaqaalaha

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Dhaqaalaha magaaladu wuxuu inta badan ku salaysan yahay soo saarista timirta, midhaha Phoenix dactylifera.[4] Waa meel lagu nasto oo ku taal waddada u dhexaysa Sirte iyo Hun iyo Sawknah, waxayna ku faantaa Waddan Tourist Park.[4] Tan iyo waagii Roomaanka waxay ahayd meel lagu nasto waddada ganacsiga ee u socota Jaad.[12][13]

Waddan waxay leedahay kheyraadka tamarta kulaylka dhulka (geothermal) oo aan weli laga faa'iidaysan.[14]

Qadiimiga

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Magaalada korkeeda, qaybaha sare ee Wadi Waddan, waxaa jira goobo farshaxan dhagax ah oo paleolithic ah.[15]

Waddan waxaa ku yaal marinnada waraabka biyaha ee dhulka hoostiisa ee Islaamka ka hor ama foggaras (al-Faqarat),[16] iyo sidoo kale tiro qabuuraha wareegsan ah.[4] Qalcaddii Carabta ee ka horraysay Cusmaaniyiinta (Toza)[17] si buuxda looma qodin. Burburka magaalooyinkii qadiimiga ahaa ee Bossi iyo Dalbak waxay ku yaalliin hal kiiloomitir koonfur-galbeed ee Waddan.[4]

Tixraacyo

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  1. 1 2 "Waddan, Jufra, Libya". Wolfram Alpha.
  2. ↑ "Waddan topographic map". World topographic map. Retrieved 10 Noofembar 2023. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  3. ↑ Mattingly, David J.; Sterry, Martin J.; Rayne, Louise; Al-Haddad, Muftah (2020). "Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Eastern Sahara". In Sterry, Martin J.; Mattingly, David J. (eds.). Urbanisation and State Formation in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond. Trans-Saharan Archaeology. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. pp. 112–146, on pages 132–133. ISBN 978-1-108-49444-1.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 LibyaMohammed (27 May 2021). "The city of Waddan". The Libya Observer. Archived from the original on 28 May 2021.
  5. ↑ Cunliffe, Barry W. (2023). Facing the Sea of Sand: The Sahara and the Peoples of Northern Africa. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 198. ISBN 978-0-19-285888-7.
  6. ↑ Levtzion, Nehemia; Hopkins, J. F. P. (2000). Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History. Princeton, NJ: Markus Weiner. p. 215.
  7. ↑ "Libyan rebels take new villages in Western Mountains". Reuters. 15 Juun 2011. Archived from the original on 10 Maarso 2016.
  8. ↑ Alexander, Caroline; Stephen, Chris (8 Sebtembar 2011). "Libya Fighters Tighten Noose Around Holdouts". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 6 Nofeembar 2012. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  9. ↑ "Libya: Chemical". Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI). 8 Abriil 2015.
  10. 1 2 Chaney, Andrea (11 Agoosto 2021). "DTRA's Cooperative Threat Reduction Historic Mission in Libya". Defense Visual Information Distribution Service (DVIDS). Archived from the original on 11 Agoosto 2021.
  11. ↑ "The OPCW coordinated a complex and agile international effort for a chemical weapons-free Libya". Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). 11 Janaayo 2018. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ↑ Wilson, Andrew (2012). "Saharan trade in the Roman period: short-, medium-and long-distance trade networks". Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa. 47 (4): 409–449. doi:10.1080/0067270X.2012.727614. S2CID 162330439.
  13. ↑ Magnavita, Carlos; Dangbet, Zakinet; Bouimon, Tchago (2019). "The Lake Chad region as a crossroads: an archaeological and oral historical research project on early Kanem-Borno and its intra-African connections". Afrique: Archéologie & Arts. 15 (15): 97–110, page 5. doi:10.4000/aaa.2654.
  14. ↑ Masheiti, Salah; Agnew, Brian (2010). "Thermodynamic Simulation Modelling of Low-Temperature Geothermal Source Located in Arid-Zone Area North Africa". Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. 4 (1). Hashemite University: 61–68.
  15. ↑ Menardi Noguera, Alessandro; Soffiantini, Michele (2008). "The rock-art sites of the upper Wadi Waddan (Jebel Uweinat, Libya)". Sahara: Prehistory and History of the Sahara. 19. Milan, Italy: Segrate: 109–128. abstract
  16. ↑ Rayne, Louise; et al. (2020). "Detecting Change at Archaeological Sites in North Africa Using Open-Source Satellite Imagery". Remote Sensing. 12 (22 (3694)): 1–29, page 3. Bibcode:2020RemS...12.3694R. doi:10.3390/rs12223694.
  17. ↑ McGregor, Andrew (2016). "The Strategic Topography of Southern Libya". CTC Sentinel. 9 (5): 21–22.
Waxaa laga keenay "https://so.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waddan,_Liibiya&oldid=299268"