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Webiga Komati

Ka Wikipedia
Webiga Komati
Komatirivier, Incomati River, Inkomati River
Dooxada ciriiriga ah ee u dhow Carolina ee qaybta sare ee Webiga Komati
Khariidad
Magac kale Komatirivier, Incomati River, Inkomati River
Waddamada
Baasin
Ilaha Ugu MuhiimsanU dhow Ermelo, Mpumalanga
1,800 m (5,900 ft)
Afka WabigaGacanka Maputo
Astaamaha Jirka
Socodka Biyaha
  • Average rate:
    111 m3/s (3,900 cu ft/s)

Webiga Komati,[1] oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno Webiga Inkomati[2] ama Webiga Incomati[3] (gudaha Musambiig, marka loo eego af Boortaqiiska Rio Incomati[4]), waa webi ku yaal Koonfur Afrika, Eswatini iyo Musambiig. Wuxuu ka unkamaa waqooyi-galbeed ee Eswatini, waxaana ku biira Webiga Crocodile ee ku yaal Buuraleyda Lebombo, wuxuu galay cirifka koonfur-galbeed ee Musambiig meel ka hoosaysa magaalada xadka ku taal ee Komatipoort, wuxuuna ku dhex shubmaa Badweynta Hindiya qiyaastii 24 km (15 mi) dhanka waqooyi-bari ka xigta Maputo.[4]

Dhererkiisu waa 480 kilometres (298 mi), iyadoo dooxada uu biyaha ka ururiyo ay baaxaddeedu tahay 50,000 square kilometres (19,300 sq mi). Biyo-shubankiisa celceliska ah ee sanadlaha ah waa 111 m3/s (3,920 cfs) marka uu joogo afkiisa.[5]

Magaca Komati wuxuu ka yimid inkomati, oo macnaheedu yahay "lo'da" marka loo eego af Swatiga (siSwati), maadaama dabeecaddiisa daacad-socodka ah ee aan gudhshayn lagu barbardhigo lo' had iyo goor caano leh.[6]

Juqraafi

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Goobta uu ku yaal Webiga Komati iyo laamihiisa oo ay weheliyaan xuduudaha waddammada ay khuseyso

Webigu wuxuu ka unkamaa galbeedka Carolina, isagoo ka soo kiciya joog dhan qiyaastii 1,800 m (5,906 ft) u dhow Breyten oo ku taal degmada Ermelo ee gobolka Mpumalanga.[7] Wuxuu u qulqulaa dhanka waqooyi-bari guud ahaan wuxuuna gaaraa Badweynta Hindiya marka uu joogo Gacanka Maputo, ka dib marinka qiyaastii ah 800 km (497 mi).[8]

Dooxada ciriiriga ah ee Komati waxay ku taal qaybaha sare ee Webiga Komati waana deegaanka qaar ka mid ah noocyada halista ku jiro sida shimbirta southern bald ibis.[9] Sanadkii 2001, gidaarka dhererkiisu yahay 115 m ee Biyo-xireenka Maguga ayaa lagu dhammaystiray koonfurta Piggs Peak, Eswatini, 26°4′51.57″S 31°15′25.84″E / 26.0809917°S 31.2571778°E / -26.0809917; 31.2571778

Dooxadiisa sare ee u dhow Steynsdorp waxaa ku yaal meelo dahabka laga qodo, laakiin dalka waxaa ku badan macdan tayo hoose leh. Webigu wuxuu ka soo degaa buuraleyda Drakensberg isagoo dhex mara marin 48 km (30 mi) koonfur ka xiga Barberton, wuxuuna u weecdaa dhanka waqooyi xadka bari ee Eswatini, isagoo raacaya marin barbar-socda buuraleyda Lebombo. Wax yar galbeedka 32° E iyo 25° 25′ S, u dhow magaalada Komatipoort, waxaa ku biira Webiga Crocodile. Laanta Crocodile waxay ka soo unkantaa, isagoo ah Webiga Elands, aagga Bergendal (1,961 m) u dhow biyaha sare ee Komati, wuxuuna u qulqulaa dhanka bari isagoo dhex mara highveld, wuxuuna u weecdaa dhanka waqooyi marka uu gaaro malka Drakensberg. Hoos u dhaca loo rabo dhanka lowveld waa dhowr iyo 600 oo mitir gudaha 48 km (30 mi), dhulka ballarkiisu yahay 161 km (100 mi) ee u dhaxeeya Drakensberg iyo Lebombo waxaa ku yaal hoos u dhac kale oo dhan 900 mitir.[8]

Biyo-shubanka Uitkoms ee ku yaal Bank Spruit, oo ah laan ka tirsan qaybaha sare ee Komati, Mpumalanga

In yar ka badan hal kiiloomitir ka dib barta ay ku kulmaan Crocodile, durdurka midoobay, oo laga bilaabo bartaas sidoo kale loo yaqaanno Manhissa, wuxuu u gudbaa dhulka fidsan ee xeebta isagoo dhex mara dalool 190 m u sarreeya oo ku yaal Lebombo oo loo yaqaanno Komatipoort, kaas oo leh biyo-shubanno qurxoon. Markay joogto Komatipoort, oo astaan u ah xadka u dhaxeeya Koonfur Afrika iyo Musambiig, webigu wuxuu ka yar yahay 100 km (60 mi) afkiisa marka loo eego xariiq toos ah, laakiin marka uu dhex marayo dhulka fidsan wuxuu sameeyaa wareeg ballaran oo dhan 322 km (200 mi), marka hore dhanka waqooyi ka hor int uusan u weecan dhanka koonfureed, isagoo sameynaya balliyo waaweyn oo harooyin u eg iyo biyo-fadhiisadyo, wuxuuna dhanka waqooyi ka qaataa dhowr laamood ah. Xilliga fatahaadda waxaa jira xiriir dhanka waqooyi ah oo dhex mara dhiatada oo ku xira dooxada Limpopo. Komati wuxuu galaa badda 24 km (15 mi) waqooyiga Maputo. Waa mid doonyaha lagu mari karo laga bilaabo afkiisa, halkaas oo biyuhu ay qoto dheer yihiin illaa 5m, ilaa salka Lebombo.[8]

Taariikhda

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Template:More citations needed section Boortaqiisku waxay ugu magac dareen qaybta hoose ee webiga Rio des Reijs, midkoodna "webigii bariiska" ama "webigii boqorrada".[10] Sidaa darteed, joronaalka Jan van Riebeeck wuxuu xusayaa Rio de Reijs, markii uu markab u diray xeebta bari si uu u raadiyo sahay bariis ah.[11] Joronaalka voortrekker Louis Tregardt waxaa loogu yeeraa Manhissa,[12] magacaas oo weli jira, halka dadka Ingiriiska ay u yaqaanneen King George River.[13]

Sanadkii 1725, thul-gal Nederland ah oo uu horkacayay Francois de Kuiper ayaa sahmeyay deegaanka hoose ee Komati wuxuuna u safray 30 km gudaha gobolka hadda loo yaqaan Mpumalanga, ka hor intaanay weerarin qabiilo deegaanka ah oo ay ku qasbanaadeen inay ku laabtaan Gacanka Delagoa.

Maalintii 23-kii Sebtembar 1900 intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Labaad ee Boer, 3,000 oo reer Boer ah ayaa ka soo gudbay xadka magaalada yar ee Komatipoort, waxayna isu dhiibeen maamulka Boortaqiiska.[8]

Maalintii 7-dii Noofambar 1900, hareeraha Komati wuxuu noqday goobtii uu ku dhex maray dagaal u dhaxeeyay Boqortooyadii Ingiriiska iyo Boer-ta. Dagaalkii Leliefontein wuxuu ahaa dib u gurasho ay sameeyeen Ingiriiska, iyadoo ay dhibayaan Boer-ta, kuwaas oo u hanjabayay inay qabsadaan Madafaca Ingiriiska. Qoryaha Ingiriiska waxaa badbaadiyay Royal Canadian Dragoons oo weeraray Boer-ta, iyadoo sidaas darteed ay qoryaha dhigeen meel ka fog meel ay gaari karaan.

Jidka Tareenka

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Jidka tareenka ee ka yimaada Maputo kuna socda Pretoria wuxuu dhex maraa dhulka fidsan xariiq toos ah, marka uu marayo toddobaatan iyo laba kiiloomitir, wuxuu gaaraa Komati. Wuxuu raacayaa hareeraha koonfureed ee webiga wuxuuna galayaa dhulka sare ee Komati Poort. Laga bilaabo Poort dhanka galbeed jidka tareenku wuxuu dhinac raacaa hareeraha koonfureed ee Webiga Crocodile dhammaan dhererkiisa.[8] Jidkaan tareenka waxaa markii hore dhisay Netherlands-South African Railway Company (NZASM) waxaana si rasmi ah loo furay sanadkii 1895.

Tixraac

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  1. ↑ Nakayama, M. (2003). International Waters in Southern Africa. G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. United Nations University Press. ISBN 978-92-808-1077-6. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
  2. ↑ "Kneria sp nov south africa". Red List of South African Species. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). Retrieved 30 December 2021.
  3. ↑ Nakayama, M. (2003). International Waters in Southern Africa. G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. United Nations University Press. p. 9,13,14. ISBN 978-92-808-1077-6. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
  4. 1 2 "Komati River". Encyclopedia Britannica. 12 December 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
  5. ↑ Nakayama, Mikiyasu (2003). International Waters in Southern Africa. United Nations University Press. p. 9. ISBN 978-92-808-1077-6. Archived from the original on 2017-04-09. Retrieved 2026-07-03.
  6. ↑ du Plessis, E.J. (1973). Suid-Afrikaanse berg- en riviername. Tafelberg-uitgewers, Cape Town. p. 251. ISBN 0-624-00273-X.
  7. ↑ "Komati River" Online Encyclopædia Britannica.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Wikisource Mid ama in ka badan jumladihii ka horreeyay waxaa ku jira qoraal laga soo qaatay daabacaad hadda ku jirta public domain:  "Komati". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th) 15. (1911). Cambridge University Press. 
  9. ↑ C. Michael Hogan and Amy Gregory, Ecology of Komati Gorge, July 22, 2006 Archived Maajo 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  10. ↑ João José de Sousa Cruz (November 2008). "O Enigma de uma colónia virtual - África Oriental Portuguesa (vulgo Moçambique)" (in Boortaqiis). Revista Militar. Retrieved 2 February 2018.
  11. ↑ Thom, H.B. (1952). Journal of Jan van Riebeeck. A.A. Balkema, Cape Town. p. 243.
  12. ↑ Preller, G.S. (1938). Dagboek van Louis Trichardt. Nas. Pers Bpk., Cape Town. p. 334, footnote.
  13. ↑ Robertson, J.W. Traveller's Guide for South Africa. The Standard Printing Co., East London. p. VIII.

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