Webiga Soummam
| Soummam | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
 | |
| Waddan | Algeria |
| Gobol | Béjaïa |
| Baasin | |
| Ilaha Ugu Muhiimsan | Akbou, Algeria |
| Afka Wabiga | Béjaïa |
| Astaamaha Jirka | |
| Dhererka | 65 km |
| Astaamaha | |
| Xaaladda ilaalinta | |
| Magac rasmiga ah | Vallée de l'oued Soummam |
| La magacaabay | 18 Diseembar 2009 |
| Tixraac no. | 1898[1] |
Webiga Soummam (Kabyle: Asif asemmam), waa webi ku yaal waqooyiga Algeria, kaas oo ka dhashay isugu biiridda Webiga Sahel iyo Webiga Bou Sellam meel u dhow Akbou kuna qulqula Badda Mediterranean-ka ee Béjaïa.
Sharaxaadda
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Biyaha gaara badda meeshan waxay ka soo jeedaan Buuraha Ain Oulmane, koonfurta Sétif, Mount Dirah, koonfurta Bouïra, iyo xagga fog ee galbeedka Djurdjura. Dhab ahaantii, juqraafiga dabiiciga ah ee gobolku wuxuu dhigayaa ilaha ugu koonfureed ee Soummam xuduudaha aagga semi-qallalan ee lagu garto adkaanta la xidhiidha cimilada qaaradda, halka ilaha ugu dhow ay ku yaallaan dhulalka cimilada qoyan ilaa dhexdhexaadka ah. Soummam waxay ka kooban tahay shabakad hydrographic ah oo cufan oo si fiican loo bixiyo, gaar ahaan qaybteeda ku taal Tellian Atlas: Djurdjura, Babors iyo Bibans. Dhaamkeeda biyuhu wuxuu daboolayaa aag dhan 9,200 km2 oo ku baahsan afar wilaya: Bouïra, Bordj Bou Arréridj, Sétif iyo Béjaïa. Iyada oo ay la socoto Cheliff, Tafna iyo Rhummel, Soummam waa mid ka mid ah webiyada ugu waaweyn Algeria.
Oued Soummam waxay qabataa aag dhan 9,200 km2 oo loo qaybiyay sidan soo socota:
- Dhaamka Oued Webiga Sahel oo ka bilaabma Sour El-Ghozlane (wilaya ee Bouïra) ilaa Akbou: 3,750 km2;
- Dhaamka Oued Webiga Bou Sellam oo ka bilaabma waqooyiga Sétif ilaa Akbou: 4,500 km2;
- Dhaamka Soummam, haddii aan si adag u hadalno, kaliya laga bilaabo Akbou ilaa badda: 950 km2.
Dooxada webiga
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Dooxada Soummam waxaa loogu magac daray webiga dhex mara. Waxay ku taal Kabylia, oo ah gobol ku yaal waqooyiga Algeria, iyadoo haysata marin ballaaran oo ku yaal wilaya ee Béjaïa. Tareenka Béni Mansour–Bejaïa waa tareen goboleed si dhow u raacaya dooxadan webiga oo ku xidha shabakada tareenada qaranka ee degmada Boudjellil.
Inta u dhaxaysa Akfadou-Gouraya oo ku yaal waqooyiga, silsiladda Biban (dhulka taariikhiga ah ee Ait Abbas) ee koonfur-bari iyo dooxada Sahel-Djurdjura (degmada Tazmalt) ee koonfur-galbeed. Dooxada Soummam, oo ka fidsan Akbou ilaa Béjaia, waxay u muuqataa marin cidhiidhi ah oo dabayl leh oo dhererkeedu yahay 65 km (gudaha wilaya ee Béjaïa) oo leh ballac ugu badan oo ah 4 km oo ku taal El Kseur.
Jiirarka, gaar ahaan koonfurta, waa jiirar relatiif ahaan khafiif ah oo sidaas darteed aad u horumarsan. Aaggan waxaa loo qaybiyaa unugyo yaryar oo pedological ah: flysch-ku wuxuu ka adkaadaa Akbou, sandstone-ku wuxuu u badan yahay El Kseur.
Degmooyinka Amizour, El Kseur, Ouzellaguen iyo Timezrit waxay leeyihiin aagag ballaaran oo ku habboon dalagyada hodanka ah sida beeraha suuqyada iyo beerashada miraha.
Biyaha
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Dooxada Soummam waxaa dhex mara shabakad hydrographic ah oo cufan, oo ka kooban webiyo badan oo joogto ah iyo kuwo goos-goos ah, kuwaas oo Oued Soummam uu yahay ururiyaha ugu weyn. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta hydrological ee la ururiyay intii u dhaxaysay 1961 iyo 1976, qulqulka celceliska ee Soummam waa 25 m3 / s. Muddadii fatahaadii 1970-kii, qulqulka ugu badan ee la diiwaan geliyay wuxuu ahaa 115.9 m3 / s iyo qulqulka hoose (bilaha Luulyo iyo Agoosto) wuxuu hoos ugu dhacay 0.6 m3 / s. Runtii, qulquladan ayaa muujinaya cillado waaweyn oo sanad-dhaaf ah, sidaas darteedna xilli-xilliyeedka.
Afkeeda, Soummam waxay leedahay tabarucaad dhan 700,106 m3 / sanadkii oo biyo ah kuwaas oo ay ku kala duwanaato Badda Mediterranean-ka (Visiterv, 1987). Wax-soo-saarka ugu weyn wuxuu ka yimaadaa tributaries-ka bangiga bidix, oo leh celcelis ahaan wadar dhan 68.106 m3 / sanadkii, iyo tributaries-ka bangiga midig waxay soo saaraan celcelis ahaan 25 × 106 m3 / sanadkii. Tributaries-ka bangiga bidix waxay ku yaallaan jiirar ay ka badan yihiin roobabka iyo barafka, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inay marin u helaan qulqul dusha sare ah oo ka weyn jiirarka ay ku shubaan tributaries-ka bangiga midig.
Magaca
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]Ereyga Soummam waa qalloocinta ereyga kabyle "assemmam", oo macnihiisu yahay "acid". Pliny the Elder ayaa soo xigtay in Soummam loogu yeedhay "Nasava" by Ptolemy.[2][3][4][5]
Tixraac
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]- ↑ "Vallée de l'oued Soummam". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 Abriil 2018.
- ↑ Musee de Sculpture Antique et Moderne consultéd 2015-08-28
- ↑ Thomas Shaw Voyages dans plusieurs provinces de la Barbarie et du Levant, contenant des observations geographiques, physiques et philologiques sur les royaumes d'Alger et de Tunis, sur la Syrie, l'Egypte et l'Arabie pénétrée (1743)page
- ↑ Thomas Shaw, Voyage dans plusieurs provinces de la Barbarie et du Levant (1743)
- ↑ Joseph Guadet Dictionnaire universel abrégé de géographie ancienne compare (Desray, 1820).