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Webiga Tekezé

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Wabiga Tekezé
Wabiga Setit
Tekezé-Senit River Watershed (Khariidad la isku dhex-galin karo)
Waddamo
Baasin
Ilaha Ugu MuhiimsanBirkumit, Itoobiya
3,110 m (10,200 ft)
Afka Wabigameel u dhow Wad Muzammil, xadka Eratareya / Itoobiya / Suudaan
540 m (1,770 ft)
Socodka WabigaWabiga Atbarah → Niil → Badda Miditareeniya
Nidaamka WabigaNiil
Baaxadda Basinka Biyaha64,210 km2 (24,790 sq mi)
Astaamaha Jirka
Dhererka608 km (378 mi)

Wabiga Tekezé[1] (Af Amxaari: ተከዜ; Af Tigrinya: ተከዘ, oo asal ahaan uga jeeda "wabi" afka Geez; Af Carabi: تكازي, oo sidoo kale loo qoro Takkaze; Af Talyaani: fiume Tacazzè),[2] waa wabi weyn oo ku yaal Itoobiya. Qayb ka mid ah socodkiisa wuxuu sameeyaa qayb ka mid ah xadka ugu galbeedsan ee Itoobiya iyo Eratareya. Wabiga waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan Setit (Af Carabi: سيتيت) maadaama uu ku biiro laanta Niil ee Wabiga Atbarah meel wax yar ka shisheysa xadka Suudaan. Sida lagu sheegay agabka ay daabacday Central Statistical Agency ee Itoobiya, Wabiga Tekezé wuxuu dhererkiisu yahay 608 kilometers (378 mi).[3] Dooxada uu abuuray waa tan ugu qoto dheer Afrika iyo mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu qoto dheer dunida, iyadoo meelaha qaar ay gaarayso qoto dheer ka badan 2000 mitir (6,562 cagood).[4]

Socodka

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Wabiga Tekezé wuxuu ka soo bilowdaa bartamaha Buuraleyda Itoobiya meel u dhow Buurta Qachen oo ku taal Lasta, halkaas oo uu u qulqulo galbeed, waqooyi, ka dibna mar kale galbeed, isagoo sameynaya xadka ugu galbeedsan ee Itoobiya iyo Eratareya laga bilaabo halka uu ku kulmo Tomsa iyo Tekezé ee 14°11′N 37°31.7′E / 14.183°N 37.5283°E / 14.183; 37.5283 ilaa barta saddex-geesoodka ah ee u dhexeysa labada waddan iyo Suudaan ee 14°15′27″N 36°33′37″E / 14.25750°N 36.56028°E / 14.25750; 36.56028.[5] Ka dib markii uu galo waqooyi-bari Suudaan xagga barta saddex-geesoodka ah, wuxuu ku biiraa Wabiga Atbarah, oo ah laanta Wabiga Niil. Tekezé waxaa laga yaabaa inuu yahay koorsada sare ee dhabta ah ee Atbarah, maadaama kii hore uu raaco koorsada dheer ka hor kulanka labada wabi.

Magacyada laamaha ugu waaweyn ee Itoobiya laga bilaabo halka uu ka soo bilowdo waa: dhanka midig ee bangiga Tahali, Meri, Tellare, Sullo, Arekwa, Gheoa, Wari, Firafira, Tocoro, iyo Wabiyada Gumalo; dhanka bidix ee bangiga Nili, Balagas, Saha, Bembea, Ataba, Zarima, iyo Wabiyada Kwalema.

Taariikh

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Xusitaankii ugu horreeyay ee la ogyahay ee Tekezé wuxuu ku yaal qoraal ka soo jeeda Boqortooyada Aksum oo uu qoray boqor Ezana oo Aksum ah, halkaas oo uu ku faano guul uu ka gaaray dagaal ka dhacay bangiyadiisa hoose, meel u dhow "dhaafitaanka Kemalke".[6] Tekezé wuxuu u adeegay sidii xiriiriye hore oo u dhexeeya Itoobiya iyo Masar; tusaale ahaan, Kebra Nagast, oo qaabkiisa hadda qaatay qarnigii 13-aad, wuxuu sheegayaa in boqor Menelik I uu ku soo laabtay Itoobiya isagoo raacaya wabigan isagoo ka yimid Masar (cutubka 53). Augustus B. Wylde wuxuu diiwaangeliyay dhaqan la xiriira in meel u dhow isha Tekezé, goobta kaniisadda Eyela Kudus Michael, ay tahay meesha dhabta ah ee lagu nasto ee Ark of the Covenant.[7]

Intii u dhaxaysay Febraayo iyo Maarso 1936, intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Labaad ee Italo-Abyssinian, kumanaan askari oo Itoobiyaan ah ayaa la dilay markii Ciidamada Cirka ee Talyaaniga (Regia Aeronautica) ay ku weerareen bambooyin iyo gaas mustard ah markii ay u gurteen Tekezé.[8] Weerar rogaal celis ah oo guuleystay oo Itoobiyaanka ay sameeyeen, Talyaaniga waxaa lagu qasbay inay dib uga gurtaan Tekezé ilaa Aksum ka dib Dagaalkii Dembeguina Pass.

1 Luulyo 2021, buundada ka gudubta wabiga Tekezé ayaa la burburiyay intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Tigray. Guddiga Badbaadinta Caalamiga ah (International Rescue Committee) wuxuu ka walaacsanaa in dadaallada gargaarka bini'aadantinimo ee gobolka ay noqon doonaan "xitaa si aad ah loo horjoogsaday sidii hore."[9]

Biyo-xireenka Tekezé

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Dawladda Itoobiya waxay ku dhawaaqday bishii Luulyo 2002 inay sameeyeen iskaashi lala yeesho China National Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Corporation si loo dhiso biyo-xireen koronto oo ku yaal Tekezé, kaas oo dhalin doona 300 megawatts oo koronto ah. Mashruucu wuxuu ku kici doonaa US$224 milyan wuxuuna qaadan doonaa shan sano in la dhammaystiro.[10] Oweys Ibrahim, oo ah isuduwaha mashruuca, wuxuu ku dhawaaqay 12 Diseembar 2007 in dhismaha uu 82% dhameystiran yahay, wuxuuna ku daray xarig koronto oo 105-kilomitir ah oo u socda Mekele.[11]

Mashruuca Korontada Biyaha ee Tekeze wuxuu dhisay biyo-xireenkii ugu sarreeyay ee arch-ka laba-laabka ah ee Afrika, isagoo dhaafay kii hore ee ugu sarreeyay, ee Lesotho. Qandaraaslayaasha ka dambeeya mashruuca waxay ahaayeen CWGS waxaana la dhammaystiray 2009. Kaydka biyaha ee ka dhashay waa 105 km² oo baaxad leh waxayna leedahay awood dhan 9.3 bilyan m³ oo biyo ah.[12]

Sawiro

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Qoraallo

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  1. ↑ Ritler, Alfons. 2010. "Täkkäze." In Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: O-X: Vol. 4, edited by Siegbert Uhlig, 823–825. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
  2. ↑ Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster Inc., 1988, ISBN 0-87779-446-4, p. 1,194.
  3. ↑ "Climate, 2012 National Statistics (Abstract)"[xiriiriye dhintay], Table A.2. Central Statistical Agency website (accessed 25 October 2015)
  4. ↑ "Ethiopia's Water Dilemma" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-02-08.
  5. ↑ Eritrea - Ethiopia Boundary Commission Decision Regarding Delimitation of the Border..., pp. 97, 101
  6. ↑ Translated with commentary in G.W.B. Huntingford, The Historical Geography of Ethiopia (London: British Academy, 1989), pp. 56–59.
  7. ↑ Augustus B. Wylde, Modern Abyssinia (London: Methuen, 1901), p. 352
  8. ↑ Barker, A. J., The Rape of Ethiopia 1936, New York: Ballantine Books Inc., 1971, pp. 84, 91.
  9. ↑ "Bridge on Tekeze River in Ethiopia's Tigray destroyed - aid group". Reuters. 2021-07-01. Retrieved 2021-07-14.
  10. ↑ China People's Daily Online. Accessed 20 April 2006.
  11. ↑ "Construction of Tekeze Hydro Electric Power Project nearing completion" Archived 2007-12-05 at the Wayback Machine (Walta Information Center), accessed 2 December 2007.
  12. ↑ ANNYS, Sofie; GHEBREYOHANNES, Tesfaalem; NYSSEN, Jan. Impact of hydropower dam operation and management on downstream hydrogeomorphology in semi-arid environments (Tekeze, Northern Ethiopia). Water, 2020, 12.8: 2237.

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