View source for Badweynta Koonfured

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{{About|Badweynta Koonfureed|}}
{{selfref2|''Boga "[[Badweynta Antarktika]]" halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.}}
{| class="infobox" style="width: 280px;"
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{| style="background-color: #000; white-space: nowrap;" cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0
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| [[File:Atlantic Ocean - en.png|140px|Badweynta Atlantik]][[File:Pacific_Ocean_-_en.png|140px|Dada Baasifik]]
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|  style="padding-left: 8px;" | [[File:Arctic (orthographic projection).svg|140px|Arktik]][[File:Indian Ocean-CIA WFB Map.png|140px|Badweyta Hindiya]]
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| style="padding-left: 5px;" | 
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| [[File:Location_Southern_Ocean.svg|126px|Bada Koonfureed]][[File:Apollo17WorldReversed.jpg|138px|Dhulka]]
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|Maabka badaha ugu waaweyn aduunka: Badweynta Atlantik, Badweynta Baasifik, Badweynta Arktik, Badweynta Hindiya, Badweynta Koonfured iyo muuqaalka badaha aduunka ee [[dhul]]ka.
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|'''Shanta Badweyn ee Aduunka'''
* [[Badweynta Atlantika]]
* [[Badweynta Hindiya]]
* [[Badweynta Baasifik]]
* [[Badweynta Koonfured]]
* [[Badweynta Arktika]]
|}
'''Badweynta Koonfureed''', '''Badweynta Antarktika''' ({{lang-en|''Southern Ocean''}}; {{lang-ar|المحيط المتجمد الجنوبي}}) (sidoo kale loo yaqaano ''Badweynta Antarktik, Badweynta Awstral, Bada Koonfur, Bada aadka u weyn ee Koonfureed''<ref>{{citation |last=Hooker |first=Joseph Dalton |author-link=Joseph Dalton Hooker |title=''Flora Antarctica'': The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage |date=1844 |publisher=Reeve |location=London }}.</ref>) waa mid ka mid ah [[badweyn|shanta badweyn]] ee [[aduun]]ka taasi oo dhacda meesha ugu xigta koonfurta [[dhul]]ka. Badweynta Koonfured waxay ku taalaa koonfuta [[dhig|dhigta 60° K]] taasi oo ku wareegsan gobolka [[Qaarada Antarktika]].<ref name=CIAgeo>{{cite web |title=Geography - Southern Ocean |work=CIA Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |accessdate=16 July 2012 |quote=... the Southern Ocean has the unique distinction of being a large circumpolar body of water totally encircling the continent of Antarctica; this ring of water lies between 60 degrees south latitude and the coast of Antarctica and encompasses 360 degrees of longitude. |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=13 Bisha Labaad 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213224759/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Marka laga hadlayo baaxada iyo waynida, badweyntani waa [[bad|bada afaraad ee ugu weyn]] [[badweyn]]ta aduunka, waxaa ka wayn [[Badweynta Baasifik]], [[Badweynta Atlaantik]], iyo [[Badweynta Hindiya]]; waxaysa ka weyn tahay [[Badweynta Arktik]].<ref name=CIAintro>{{cite web |title=Introduction - Southern Ocean |work=CIA Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |accessdate=16 July 2012 |quote=...As such, the Southern Ocean is now the fourth largest of the world's five oceans (after the [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Atlantic Ocean]], and [[Indian Ocean]], but larger than the [[Arctic Ocean]]). |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=13 Bisha Labaad 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213224759/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Biyaha badani waxay dhacaan soonaha biyaha [[qaboow]] iyo [[kul|diiran]] ku kulmaan.


Markii ugu horeeysay taariikhda waxaa sanadkii 1770kii la ogaaday badweyntani markii sahamiye kabtan James Kook u gooshay biyaha koonfureed ee aduunka. Intaas wixii ka dambeeyay waxaa [[Juquraafi|cilmiyahanada juquraafigu]] aad ugu qulqulayeen gobolka ay badweyntani ka mid tahay. Sidoo kale waxaa in mudo ah muran iyo is-afgaranwaa ka taagna xadka Badweynta Koonfureed, taasi oo meelo badan lagaga qasayey xadka ay la wadaagto Badweynta Baasifik, Badweynta Atlantik iyo Badweynta Hindiya.

[[Sanad|Sanadkii 2000]] wixii ka dambeeyay bulshada caalamku waxay isku raacday in Badweynta Koonfureed ka bilaabanto (ama lagu daro) dhigta lixdanaad koonfur.<ref>Pyne, Stephen J.; ''The Ice: A Journey to Antarctica''. University of Washington Press, 1986. (A study of Antarctica's exploration, earth-sciences, icescape, esthetics, literature, and geopolitics)</ref>

=Antarktika=

[[File:Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka Antarktika ([[NASA]]).]]
[[Antarktika]] waa [[qaarad]]a ugu xigta koonfurta [[Aduun]]ka, taasi oo juquraafi ahaan noqoneysa [[Cidhifka Koonfureed]] ee [[dhul]]ka. Qaarada Antarktika waxay ka mid tahay ''gobolka Antarktik'' ee waaxda koonfureed ee dhulka, taasi oo qeyb ka yihiin Iskuwareega Antarktik iyo [[Bada Koonfureed]]. Baaxada dhulka Antarktika waa mid aad u balaadhan, waxaana lagu qiyaasay [[milyan|14.0 milyan kilomitir labo jibaaran]] (5.4 milyan mayl labo jibaaran), taasi oo ka dhigeysa qaarada shanaad ee ugu weyn aduunka - waxaa ka weyn [[Afrika]], [[Aasiya]], [[Waqooyiga Ameerika]] iyo [[Koonfur Ameerika]].

Hadii Antarktika la barbardhigo qaarada [[Ustareliya]] weey ku labo laabmaysaa, taasi micnaheedu waa in Ustareliya le'eg tahay kala badh Antarktika. Sida la ogyahay ilaa 98% qaarada Antarktika waxaa qariyahay [[baraf]] kaasi oo leh dhumuc dhan 1.9 kilomitir (1.2 mayl),<ref name="Bedmap2">{{cite journal |author=British Antarctic Survey |title=Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica |journal=The Cryosphere journal |page=390 |url=http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/375/2013/tc-7-375-2013.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=6 January 2014}}</ref> kuna fidsan dhammaan deegaanada qaarada marka laga reebo qeybta waqooyi oo kali ah.

Isku celcelis, qaarada Antarktika waa tan ugu [[qaboow]], qalalsan (biyo yar), ee ugu [[dabayl|dabaysha]] badan qaaradaha caalamka oo dhan. Sidoo kale waxay leedahay deegaano badan oo ugu dhaadheer jooga dhulka.<ref>{{cite web |author=National Satellite, Data, and Information Service |title=National Geophysical Data Center |publisher=Government of the United States |url=http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html |accessdate=9 June 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613001502/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html |archivedate=13 June 2006 |deadurl=no |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive }}</ref> 
Juquraafi ahaan marka laga hadlayo deegaanada Antarktika waxaa lagu tiriyaa [[lamadegaan]] (saxare), sababtoo ah waxaa ka da'a [[roob]] aad u yar oo mararka qaar ka yar 200&nbsp;mm (8&nbsp;in) kaasi oo ku da'a deegaanada xeebaha oo kali ah.<ref>{{cite web |last=Joyce |first=C. Alan |date=18 January 2007 |title=The World at a Glance: Surprising Facts |work=The World Almanac |url=http://www.worldalmanac.com/blog/2007/01/the_world_at_a_glance_surprisi.html |accessdate=7 February 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304001123/http://www.worldalmanac.com/blog/2007/01/the_world_at_a_glance_surprisi.html |archivedate=4 March 2009 |deadurl=no |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive }}</ref> 
Sidoo kale waxaa xusid mudan [[heerkul]]ka Antarktika, wuxuu inta badan yahay −89&nbsp;°C (−129&nbsp;°F), in kastoo marka la iskucelceliyo guud ahaan noqonayso −63&nbsp;°C (−81&nbsp;°F). 

Dhinaca kale, qaarada Antarktika ma lahan dad si joogto ah ugu dhaqan ama nool deegaanadaadi. Laakiin waxaa wakhtiyo badan oo sanadka ah jooga tiro [[Saynis]]yahano iyo [[cilmi]]baadhayaal ah oo u dhexeeya 1,000 ilaa 5,000 qof kuwaasi oo ku baahsan dhinacyada qaarada.
Noolaha sida dabiiciga ah looga helo qaarada Antarktika waxaa ka mid ah algae, [[bakteeriya]], [[fungi]], xoogaa yar oo [[dhir]] ah, brotista, iyo noocyo kooban oo [[xayawaan]] ah, sida [[takfi]]da, [[qooleey]]da, sealska, iyo tardgrade. Dhirta ugu caansan ee laga helo deeganku waa ''tundra''.

Guud ahaan, qaarada Antarktika waa meel aan la kala lahayn (de facto), laakiin waxaa maamula oo gacanta ku haya dowladaha saxeexay ''"Nidaamka Heshiiska Antarktika"''. Heshiiskaasi waxaa sanadkii 1959kii saxeexay labo iyo toban wadan, wakhtiyadii ka dambeeyayna waxaa saxeexa ku biiray ilaa 39 wadan kale. Heshiiskaasi wuxuu meesha ka saarayaa in qaarada Antarktika loo isticmaalo siyaabo milatari, in hubka lagu tijaabiyo, in wasakhda hubka lau aaso ama la keeno, in la taageero ajandaha cilmi-baadhista, in [[macdan]] laga qoto iyo in la ilaaliyo hawada nadiifta ah ee qaarada.
Wadanadii ugu horeeyay waxaa ka mid ah [[Arjantiina]], [[Ustareliya]], [[Beljim]]ka, [[Jili]], [[Faransiiska]], [[Jabaan]], [[New Zealand]], [[Norway]], [[Koonfur Afrika]], [[Ruushka]], [[Ingiriis]]ka iyo [[Maraykanka]]
Cilmibaadhista ka socota qaarada waa mid caalami ah oo ilaa 4,000 aqoon yahay oo caalamka ka kala socda joogaan.



=Cidhifka Koonfureed=
[[File:Location Antarctica.svg|thumb|Koonfur pole]]

[[Cidhifka Koonfureed]] (South Pole) waa geeska ugu shisheeya ama ugu fog ee [[koonfur]]ta [[meere|meeraha]] [[dhul]]ka. Dunida aan ku nool nahay ee [[dhul]]ka waxay leedahay [[labo]] cidhif oo kala ah [[Cidhifka Waqooyi]] iyo [[Cidhifka Koonfur]] ee [[dhul]]ka.

Cirifka Koonfur ee aduunka waxee ku taalaa koonfurta ugu hooseeso [[aduunka]].
Cirifka Koonfur iyo [[Cirifka waqooyi]] waa meelaha 6 bilood maalin ah, 6 bilood habeen ah.labadaan meelood waa meesha oo aduunka ka wareegto.Meeshani waa meesha aduunka ugu nolosha adag amaba ugu daran,qofkii ugu horeeyay ee tagaa waxa uu ahaa [[Roald Amundsen]] waxay ahayd sanadii 1911.

=Muuqaalo=
<gallery>
File:Low, grey clouds in the Gerlache Strait, Antarctica (6024286910).jpg
File:Point Wild, Elephant Island (6019044525).jpg
File:Drake2.JPG
File:Glacier on Elephant Island (6019646514).jpg
File:Glacier on Elephant Island (6019157835).jpg
File:Drake5.JPG
File:Low, grey clouds in the Gerlache Strait, Antarctica (6023762041).jpg
File:Kerguelen Plateau Subdivisions.jpg
File:Antartidamian2.jpg
File:Antarctica(js) 3.jpg
File:Antarctica-Region.png

</gallery>

= Sidoo kale Fiiri =
* [[Badweyn]]
* [[Badweynta Arktik]]
* [[Badweynta Hindiya]]
* [[Badweynta Baasifig]]
* [[Badweynta Atlantika]]
* [[Badweynta Antaraktika]]

=Qoraalo Kale=
{{Bad}}
= Xigasho =
* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20001122/The-Ocean-Floor-Its-Secrets-Revealed/  The Ocean Floor—Its Secrets Revealed]


{{Reflist}}

{{Gumud}}

[[Category:Juqraafi]]
[[Category:Badweyn]]
[[Category:Biyo]]
[[Category:Dhul]]
[[Category:badaha]]


{{commons|Southern Oceans}}