Nuur ibn Mujaahid

Taariikh nololeedkan waxaa soo diyaariyay taariikh-qore Dr. Harvel Sebastian, waxaana lagu so qoray kitaabka la yiraahdo The Encyclopaedia Africana Dictionary of African Biography (Vol. 1)

Nuur ibnu Mujaahid oo ku magac dheer Nuur binu al-Waziir, oo u dhashay beesha karanle hawiye, wuxuu ka mid ahaa madaxdii ka katalin jirtay saldanaddii Muslimiinta ee Adal. Markii uu geeriyoodey Imaamkii Muslimiinta ee Adal, Imaam Axmed Ibraahim Garaad (Gurey), waxaa kala wareegay kursiga madaxnimada ina adiirkiis Amiir Nuur oo dumaaley haweenaydii uu ka geeriyoodey Imaam Axmed Gurey.

Amiir Nuur waxaa loogu magac daray Shahib al-Fath at-Thani oo micnaheeda tahay Afadii Halyeygii Labaad. Markii Imaam Axmed Ibraahim Garaad (Gurey) la dilay sanadkii 1543kii, ciidankii uu hogaaminayeyna ay dib ugu soo laabtay xaruntoodii Harar, waxaa soo muuqday firaaq hogaamineed oo la soo gudboonaadey adal2 Saldanadda iyo shucuubtii ay mas'uulka ka ahayd. Waxay cid kasta oo ku jirtay xayndaabka Imaarada ay ku noqotay naxdin iyo anfariir in ay waayeen Imaamkoodii geesinimada, caddaaladda, iyo hogaaminta eebbe u hibeeyey. Amiir Nuur waxaa dhashay Imaam Axmed walaashiis; (laakiin qaar kamid ah dadka taariikhdan waxa ka qoray waxay rumaysanyihiin, in Amiir Nuur uu la walaal ahaa Imaam Axmed Gurey), Amiir Nuur wuxuu dadaal dheer ku bixiyey dhisitaanka maamulkii Imaarada, iyo ciidankeedii oo uu ka muuqdey niyad jab ka yimid sidii aan horay u soo xusnayba geeridii Imaam Axmed Gurey.

Sanadkii 1551 kii waxaa Amiirnimada Saldanadda Awdal loo caleema saaray Amiir Nuur ibnu Mujaahid al-Waziir. Markii la caleema saaray, wuxuu bilaabay abaabul ballaaran oo dhowr sano soo socotey wuxuuna amray in magaalada lagu wareejiyo darbi adag oo gaashaan uga noqda cid kasta oo ku soo duusha.

Sanadkii 1554kii, Amiir Nuur wuxuu ku dhawaaqay Jihaad ka dhan ah Boqortooyada Ethiopia, wuxuuna qabsaday gobolada Charchar, Arusi, iyo Hadeya. Sanadkii 1559kii, Amiir Nuur wuxuu markiisii ugu horaysay weerar lixaad leh ku qaaday Gobolka la oran jiray Fatajar halkaasna waxay isaga hor yimaadeen ciidamadii Boqor Galawdewos oo horay uga war helay in Amiir Nuur weerar ku soo yahay. Dagaalkaas waxaa lagu jabiyey ciidamadii Boqor Galawdewos. Markii gacanta lagu soo dhigay Boqor Galawdewos waa la toogtay.

adal Amiir Nuur markuu Jihaadka mudo 12 sano ah ku jiray buu ku dhawaaqay erayga "Kaffa" oo macnihiisa tahay joojis, dibna ugu laabtay xaruntoodii Harar.

Markuu Amiirka ku laabtay magaalada Harar, wuxuu ka war helay in qowmiyadda Oromadu duulaan ku yihiin caasimadda Adal. Sanadkii 1568kii, Amiirka ayaa weerar culus ku qaaday Oromadii duulaanka ku soo ahaa. Markuu soo afjaray weerarkii uu ku qaaday Oromada, buu Harar ku soo laabtay. Markuu magaalada ku laabtay wuxuu la kulmay cudur ummadda baabi'iyay.

Asxaabtiisii waxay sheegeen inuu ahaa nin caan ku ahaa geesinimo, karti iyo indheer-garadnimo. Wuxuu kale oo caan ku ahaa dhisidda darbiga adag oo gaashaan uga noqday cid kasta oo ku soo duushay iyo difaaca diinta iyo badbaadada ummadiisa.

Bibliography

1. R.Basset (editor, Histoire de la conquete de l'Abyssinie ("History of the Conquest of Abyssinia"), Paris , 1897-1901;

2. Dr. E. Cerulli, "Documenti arabi per la storia dell'Ethiopia," Memoria della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Vol. 4, No. 2, Rome , 1931

3. Dr. E. Cerulli, La lingua e la storia di Harar ("The Language and History of Harar"), Rome , 1936

4. Dr. E. Cerulli, "Gli Emiri di Harar dal secolo XVI alla conquista agiziana" ("The Mirs of Harar From the 16th Century to the Egyptian Conquest"),

5. Dr. E. Cerulli, Rassegna di Studi Ethiopici, Vol. 2, Rome, 1942

6. Hadj Yusuf AbdulRahman (editor), Kitab Rabi'a al-Qulub fi Dhikr Manaqib wa Fada'il Sayyidina as Sheikh Nur Hussein ("The Springtime of Hearts in Memory of the Virtues and Merits of Our Lord the Sheikh Nur Hussein"), Cairo , 1927

7. J. Spencer Trimingham, Islam in Ethiopia , London , 1952

8. K. Wndt, "Amharische Geschichte eines Emirs von Harar in XVI Jahrhundert," ("An Ahmhari History of One of the Emirs of 16th Century of Harar"), Orientalia, Vol. 6, No. ¾, Rome , 1937