Biyo-xireenada iyo xoogga danab biyoodka ee Itoobiya
Itoobiya, IGAD waxay isu aragtaa awood afrikaan sabab la xiriirta suuro galinta Tamar biyood. Waxaa u suurtoowday qayb yar oo kaliya himilooyinkaas ilaa iyo hadda. Sanaddii 2009, waxay ahayd in ka yar 10% Itoobiyaanka in ay heli jireen Koronto. Waxayna ahayd meelaha ugu ba'an oo ay korontadu ka tagto. Si looga gaashaanto xaaladdaas, xukuumaddu waxay hindistay in la fuliyo barnaamij himilo dhisid biyo-xireeno. Waxay ku biloowday saddex xarun ka dhalinta awooda tamar-biyoodka todobo wadajira 1.18 Gigawatt si loo diyaariyo sanadihii 2009 iyo 2010 oo kaliya. in kabadan labalaab awooda ee dalka. Waxay bilaawday saldhigga ugu weyn Tamar-biyoodka ee Itoobiya, Beles shaqadii ugu horaysay bishii may 2010. Waxaa la saxiixay qandaraasyo si loo dhiso shan biyo-xireen waaweyn oo kale. Marka la dhameeyo, taasoo la filayo in la soo gabagabeeyo qiyaastii sanadda 2017, maxaa yeelay biya-xireenadaan waxay kaabaysaa kordhinta awooda ee ka yar 1 Gigawatt sanada 2008 Gigawatt si ah in ka badan 11 Gigawatt. Sida la filayo dhisidda biyo-xireeno waaweyn oo dheeraad ah ee qorshaha la damacsanyahay in la kordhiyo awooda soo saarista ilaa 15 Gigawatt. Haddii kordhintaas weyn la balaariyo, ku dhowaad waxay u dhigmaysaa awooda guud xarumaha xoogga korontada ee dalka Burtuqaal. Rabitaanka Tamarta ee Itoobiya waa wax faaiido leh sabab la xiriita xagga Faqriga, sidoo kale waxaa qorshayaasha ka mid ah iibinta awooda korontada loo iibgeeyo Suudaan, Kiinya, Jabuuti, Yemen iyo Masar waana faaiido kele. Xitaa faaiidooyinka kuma koobna biyo-xireenada Tamar biyood oo kaliya. In badan oo ka mid ah biyo-xireenada waa biy-xireeno dano badan laga leeyahay loona qaabeeyay si loo helo biyo loogu talogalay waraabka iyo ka hortagga fatahaadaha. Sidaa awgeed, sida la filayo in ay faaiidadu ugu weyn noqoto awooda dhalinta tamar biyoodka.
Dhismaha biyo-xireeno waaweyn waxay u baahantahay in badan oo hanti muuqata iyo mid aan muuqan. Sida dhabta ah maalgalintu waa wax aad u weyn. Sidoo kale waxay ku kordhinaysaa mujtamaca canshuur badan. Fakashada iyo iscunidda iyada oo aan la samayn biyo celin harooyinka biyaha sare ee webiyada wuxuu cumriga darbiga ee la saadaaliyay soo gaabinayaa. Sidoo kale bey'ada ee bulshooyinka dalalka ay ku hoobtaan ee biyo-xireenada Itoobiya.
Liiska Biyo-xireenada iyo xarumaha awooda Tamar biyoodka
[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]| Magaca | Awooda | Ballan sanadeedka | Webi kulaal | Dhisay | Maalgalin | Qarash | xarumaha |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Koka | 42 MW | 1960 | Awash River | ||||
| Awash II | 36 MW | 1966 | Awash River | ||||
| Awash III | 36 MW | 1971 | Awash River | ||||
| Fincha | 134 MW | 1973 | Fincha (Niilka Buluuga) | Sidoo kalw waraab | |||
| Gilgel Gibe I | 180 MW | 2004 | Gilgel Gibe River | Salini (bid) | Bakniga adduunka | $331m | |
| Tekeze | 300 MW | 2009 | Tekeze (Atbara) | Sinohydro Corporation (bid) | Chinese | $365m | dhaliyaa 300 MW |
| Beles | 460 MW | 2010 | Lake Tana (Niilka Buluuga) | Salini (no bid) | Ethiopian government | waraabiyaa 140,000 ha | |
| Gilgel Gibe II | 420 MW | 2010 | Omo River (no dam, fed by GG I) | Salini (no bid) | Talyaaniga iyo EIB | Euro 370m | |
| Gilgel Gibe III | 1,870 MW | 2015 | Omo River | Salini (no bid) | Dawladda Itoobiya iyo Shiinaha | Euro 1.55bn | faces stiff environmental criticism but work in progress (75% gabgabo Oct. 2013) |
| Fincha Amerti Nesse (FAN) | 100 MW | 2012 | Fincha (Niilka Buluuga) | China Gezhouba Group Co. (CGGC) | Shiinaha | $276m | |
| Halele Worabese | 440 MW | 2014 | Omo River | Sinohydro Corporation | FairFund? | Euro 470m | |
| Gilgel Gibe IV | 2,000 MW | 2015 | Omo River | Sinohydro Corporation | Chinese | $1.9bn | |
| Chemoga Yeda | 278 MW | 2013 | tributary of the Blue Nile, near Debre Markos | Sinohydro Corporation | Chinese | $555m | Will consist of 5 interconnected dams |
| Tendaho Irrigation Dam | none | 2014 | Awash River | EWWCE | ? | No power, just irrigation and drinking water | |
| Genale Dawa III | 256 MW | waraab 2009 | Inta u dhexeysa Soomaalida iyo Oromada | Chinese CGGC | Chinese | $408m | AfDB |
| Biyo-xireenka Horukaca | 6000 MW | 2018 | Niilka Buluuga | Salini Talyaani | Dalal la qariyay | Euro 4.8 billion | La siiyay iyadoo aan tartan la galin (30% gabgabo Oct. 2013) |