Biyo-xireenada iyo xoogga danab biyoodka ee Itoobiya

Itoobiya, IGAD waxay isu aragtaa awood afrikaan sabab la xiriirta suuro galinta Tamar biyood. Waxaa u suurtoowday qayb yar oo kaliya himilooyinkaas ilaa iyo hadda. Sanaddii 2009, waxay ahayd in ka yar 10% Itoobiyaanka in ay heli jireen Koronto. Waxayna ahayd meelaha ugu ba'an oo ay korontadu ka tagto. Si looga gaashaanto xaaladdaas, xukuumaddu waxay hindistay in la fuliyo barnaamij himilo dhisid biyo-xireeno. Waxay ku biloowday saddex xarun ka dhalinta awooda tamar-biyoodka todobo wadajira 1.18 Gigawatt si loo diyaariyo sanadihii 2009 iyo 2010 oo kaliya. in kabadan labalaab awooda ee dalka. Waxay bilaawday saldhigga ugu weyn Tamar-biyoodka ee Itoobiya, Beles shaqadii ugu horaysay bishii may 2010. Waxaa la saxiixay qandaraasyo si loo dhiso shan biyo-xireen waaweyn oo kale. Marka la dhameeyo, taasoo la filayo in la soo gabagabeeyo qiyaastii sanadda 2017, maxaa yeelay biya-xireenadaan waxay kaabaysaa kordhinta awooda ee ka yar 1 Gigawatt sanada 2008 Gigawatt si ah in ka badan 11 Gigawatt. Sida la filayo dhisidda biyo-xireeno waaweyn oo dheeraad ah ee qorshaha la damacsanyahay in la kordhiyo awooda soo saarista ilaa 15 Gigawatt. Haddii kordhintaas weyn la balaariyo, ku dhowaad waxay u dhigmaysaa awooda guud xarumaha xoogga korontada ee dalka Burtuqaal. Rabitaanka Tamarta ee Itoobiya waa wax faaiido leh sabab la xiriita xagga Faqriga, sidoo kale waxaa qorshayaasha ka mid ah iibinta awooda korontada loo iibgeeyo Suudaan, Kiinya, Jabuuti, Yemen iyo Masar waana faaiido kele. Xitaa faaiidooyinka kuma koobna biyo-xireenada Tamar biyood oo kaliya. In badan oo ka mid ah biyo-xireenada waa biy-xireeno dano badan laga leeyahay loona qaabeeyay si loo helo biyo loogu talogalay waraabka iyo ka hortagga fatahaadaha. Sidaa awgeed, sida la filayo in ay faaiidadu ugu weyn noqoto awooda dhalinta tamar biyoodka.

Dhismaha biyo-xireeno waaweyn waxay u baahantahay in badan oo hanti muuqata iyo mid aan muuqan. Sida dhabta ah maalgalintu waa wax aad u weyn. Sidoo kale waxay ku kordhinaysaa mujtamaca canshuur badan. Fakashada iyo iscunidda iyada oo aan la samayn biyo celin harooyinka biyaha sare ee webiyada wuxuu cumriga darbiga ee la saadaaliyay soo gaabinayaa. Sidoo kale bey'ada ee bulshooyinka dalalka ay ku hoobtaan ee biyo-xireenada Itoobiya.

Liiska Biyo-xireenada iyo xarumaha awooda Tamar biyoodka

Magaca	Awooda	Ballan sanadeedka	Webi kulaal	Dhisay	Maalgalin	Qarash	xarumaha
Koka	42 MW	1960	Awash River
Awash II	36 MW	1966	Awash River
Awash III	36 MW	1971	Awash River
Fincha	134 MW	1973	Fincha (Niilka Buluuga)				Sidoo kalw waraab
Gilgel Gibe I	180 MW	2004	Gilgel Gibe River	Salini (bid)	Bakniga adduunka	$331m
Tekeze	300 MW	2009	Tekeze (Atbara)	Sinohydro Corporation (bid)	Chinese	$365m	dhaliyaa 300 MW
Beles	460 MW	2010	Lake Tana (Niilka Buluuga)	Salini (no bid)	Ethiopian government		waraabiyaa 140,000 ha
Gilgel Gibe II	420 MW	2010	Omo River (no dam, fed by GG I)	Salini (no bid)	Talyaaniga iyo EIB	Euro 370m
Gilgel Gibe III	1,870 MW	2015	Omo River	Salini (no bid)	Dawladda Itoobiya iyo Shiinaha	Euro 1.55bn	faces stiff environmental criticism but work in progress (75% gabgabo Oct. 2013)
Fincha Amerti Nesse (FAN)	100 MW	2012	Fincha (Niilka Buluuga)	China Gezhouba Group Co. (CGGC)	Shiinaha	$276m
Halele Worabese	440 MW	2014	Omo River	Sinohydro Corporation	FairFund?	Euro 470m
Gilgel Gibe IV	2,000 MW	2015	Omo River	Sinohydro Corporation	Chinese	$1.9bn
Chemoga Yeda	278 MW	2013	tributary of the Blue Nile, near Debre Markos	Sinohydro Corporation	Chinese	$555m	Will consist of 5 interconnected dams
Tendaho Irrigation Dam	none	2014	Awash River	EWWCE		?	No power, just irrigation and drinking water
Genale Dawa III	256 MW	waraab 2009	Inta u dhexeysa Soomaalida iyo Oromada	Chinese CGGC	Chinese	$408m	AfDB
Biyo-xireenka Horukaca	6000 MW	2018	Niilka Buluuga	Salini Talyaani	Dalal la qariyay	Euro 4.8 billion	La siiyay iyadoo aan tartan la galin (30% gabgabo Oct. 2013)