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Hay'ada baartaanda cirka ee hindiya

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Isuduwe: 12°58′0″N 77°34′0″E / 12.96667°N 77.56667°E / 12.96667; 77.56667Coordinates: 12°58′0″N 77°34′0″E / 12.96667°N 77.56667°E / 12.96667; 77.56667

 hay'ada baartaanda cirka ee hindiya (af-hindi भारतीय अन्तरिक्ष अनुसंधान संगठन) af-carabi منظمة البحوث الفضائية الهندية  waa hay'ad ugu weyn ee baaritaanada cirka ee dowlada hinidya, waxaa la aasaasay 1969. hindiya waxay awood u yeelatay inay hesho qalabka cirka sare looga hawl galo -oo ay ka mid yihiin awooda ganid dayax gacmeed-. hada shaqooyin bay u qabata aduunweynaha iyado ay jiraan heshiisyo ay la gashay caalamlka iyo shirkadaha kalee cirka.

Abuuridii hayada

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
Vikram Sarabhai, aabihii barnaamijka cirka ee hindiya

Badanka baaritaanada hindiya waxaa iska leh caalimka mitra, kaasoo sameeyay tijaabooyin badan ee codeed, isagoo u maray qaabka radiyaha dhulka labaatameeyadii qarnigii tagay magalada Kolkata. ka dib culumo kaloo hindi ah baa barnaamijka  cirka sii gudagalay, wixii ka dambeeyay 1945 wuxuu noqday  cilmi falagu mid aad u hormaray dhinaca hindiya, 

isbarbar-dhiga gantaalada hawl fulintam, bidix ka wad ilaa midig

xaaladihii dhaqaale iyo kuwii siyaasadeed intii u dhexysay1960 ilaa 1970 ayaa xindiya ku kallifay inay xirka wax u dirsato , taaso ay badan ka gaartay iyo horumar la taaban karo

iskaashi caalami ah

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

waxay iskaashadaan dowlado badan:


iyo kuwo kale

tixraac saldhigeed

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  • Bhaskaranarayana etc. (2007), "Applications of space communication", Current Science, 93 (12): 1737-1746, Bangalore: Indian Academy of Sciences.
  • Burleson, D. (2005), "India", Space Programs Outside the United States: All Exploration and Research Efforts, Country by Country, McFarland & Company, 136-146, ISBN 0-7864-1852-4.
  • Daniel, R.R. (1992), "Space Science in India", Indian Journal of History of Science, 27 (4): 485-499, New Delhi: Indian National Science Academy.
  • Gupta, S.C. etc. (2007), "Evolution of Indian launch vehicle technologies", Current Science, 93 (12): 1697-1714, Bangalore: Indian Academy of Sciences.
  • "India in Space", Science & Technology edited by N.N. Ojha, 110-143, New Delhi: Chronicle Books.
  • Mistry, Dinshaw (2006), "Space Program", Encyclopedia of India (vol. 4) edited by Stanley Wolpert, 93-95, Thomson Gale: ISBN 0-684-31353-7.
  • Narasimha, R. (2002), "Satish Dhawan", Current Science, 82 (2): 222-225, Bangalore: Indian Academy of Sciences.
  • Sen, Nirupa (2003), "Indian success stories in use of Space tools for social development", Current Science, 84 (4): 489-490, Bangalore: Indian Academy of Sciences.
  • "Space Research", Science and Technology in India edited by R.K. Suri and Kalapana Rajaram, 411-448, New Delhi: Spectrum, ISBN 81-7930-294-6.

xiriir banaanka ah

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]