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Estoniya

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Republic of Estonia
Eesti Vabariik  (Af-Istooniyaan)
Heesta qaranka: 
Location of Estoniya (dark green)– in Europe (green & grey)– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]
Location of Estoniya (dark green)

– in Europe (green & grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Location of Estoniya (dark green)

– in Europe (green & grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]
Magaalo madax
Waa Magaalada ugu balaaran		Tallinn
Luqadaha rasmiga ah Estonian
Qaybaha qoomiyedaha (2018[1])
Dadka Estonian
Xukunka Unitary parliamentary republic
 -  President Alar Karis
 -  Prime Minister Kaja Kallas
Sharci dejinta Riigikogu
Independence
 -  Autonomy declared 12 April 1917 
 -  Independence declared 24 February 1918 
 -  Independence recognised 2 February 1920 
 -  Soviet and German occupations 1940–1991 
 -  Independence restored 20 August 1991 
 -  Joined the European Union 1 May 2004 
Baaxad
 -  Guud ahaan 45,227[2] km2 (129thd)
17,462 sq mi 
 -  Biyo (%) 4.45%
Tirada dadka
 -  2018 qiyaasta Increase 1,319,133[3] (151st)
 -  2011 Tirakoob 1,294,455[4]
 -  Mugga Dadka 28/km2 (188th)
75/sq mi
Wax soo saar (PPP) 2018 qiyaastii
 -  Guud ahaan $44.177 billion[5]
 -  Qof qof $33,842[5] (43rd)
Wax soo saar (Iskaga magacaaban) 2018 estimate
 -  Guud ahaan $30.821 billion[5]
 -  Calaa qof $23,610[5] (40th)
Qaybsiga (2016)negative increase 32.7[6] (medium)
Kobaca (2015)Increase 0.865[7] (very high / 30th)
Lacagta Euro (€) (EUR)
Waqtiga EET (UTC+2)
 -  Xagaa (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Wadista Baabuurta right
Thiinada telka +372
Furaha Internetka .eee
b. According to the Constitution, Estonian is the sole official language.[8] In southern counties, Võro and Seto are spoken along with it. Russian is spoken in parts of Ida-Virumaa and Tallinn.
c. Including 5.4% Võros and 0.93% Setos.[9]
d. 47,549 km2 (18,359 sq mi) were defined according to the Treaty of Tartu in 1920 between Estonia and Russia. Today, the remaining 2,323 km2 (897 sq mi) are part of Russia. The ceded areas include most of the former Petseri County and areas behind the Narva river including Ivangorod (Jaanilinn).[10] Pechory remains under Russian administration.
e. Also .eu, shared with other member states of the European Union.

Estonia (Estonian: Eesti [eːsti] (ku saabsan codkan maqal)), si rasmi ah Jamhuuriyadda Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariik), waa waddan madax bannaan Waqooyiga Yurub. Woqooyi waxaa ka xigta dhinaca Gacanka Finland ee ku taal Finland dhinaca galbeed ee badda Galbeedka Badda Galbeedka ee Iswiidhan galbeed, koonfurta waddanka Latvia (343 KM), iyo dhinaca bari ee Lake Peipus iyo Ruushka (338.6 km). Jasiiradda Estonia waxay ka kooban tahay dhul baaxad leh iyo 2,222 jasiiradaha badda ee Badda Galbeed, oo daboolaya guud ahaan 45,227 km2 (17,462 sq mi), biyaha 2,839 km2 (1,096 sq mi), dhul dhulka 42,388 km2 (16,366 sq mi), waxaana saameyn ku leh cimilada hawada ee qoyan. Ethnic Ethnic - waa koox qowmiyadeed oo ugu weyn dalka - waa dad finni ah.

Daadka degaan Estonia

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Xuduudda Estonia ayaa la degay tan iyo ugu yaraan 9000 BC. Estooniyaanka hore waxay ahaayeen qaar ka mid ah kuwii ugu dambeeyay ee Yurubta ah, waxaana lagu qaxay xilligii kacdoonkii qarnigii 13aad. Ka dib qarniyo badan oo jarmal ah, Danish, Swedish iyo xukunka Ruushka, Estoniyan waxay la kulmeen waxa loo yaqaan "awooda qaranka" 19-aad iyo qarnigii 20-aad. 24kii Febraayo 1918, madaxbannaanidu waa la dhawaaqay, kadibna waxaa loo xaqiijiyey dagaalkii dagaalkii. Ka dib markii xukunka dimoqraadiyadeed laga soo bilaabo 1918 ilaa 1934, Estonia waxay noqotay autocratic intii lagu jiray Era Silence. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, Estonia waxay la kulantay shaqooyin isdaba joog ah oo ay qabsadeen Midawga Soofiyeeti, Nazi Jarmalka, iyo Midowga Soofiyeeti, taasoo keentay in dib loo dhigo sida Estonian SSR. Ka dib markii la waayay xornimadeeda xaqiiqda ah, joogteynta joogtada ah ee waddanka Estonia waxaa ilaaliyay diblomaasiyiin iyo xukuumad dibedda. Sannadkii 1987, xukunkii nabada ee nabadgelyo ee ka soo horjeeda xukunka Soofiyeedka ayaa bilaabmay, isaga oo ku dhammaaday dib u soo celinta madaxbanaanida 20kii Agoosto 1991. Tan iyo markii dib loo soo celiyay xorriyaddiisa, Estonia waxay ahayd waddan dimoqraadi ah oo diimuqraadiyad ah oo u qaybsan shan iyo toban gobol. Magaalada caasimada ah iyo magaalada ugu weyn waa Tallinn. Iyadoo dadweynaha 1.3 milyan, ay ka mid tahay dalalka ugu yar ee ka mid ah Midowga Yurub, Eurozone, Isuduwidda Dhaqaalaha iyo Horumarinta, Aagga Schengen iyo NATO.



Dalalka Yurub Qaarada Yurub
Albania • Andorra • Armania • Aserbiijaan • Awstriya • Belarus • Beljim • Boland • Midowga Boqortooyada • Bortuqaal • Bosniya • Bulgaria • Denmark • Estoniya • Faatikan • Faransiiska • Finland • Giriig • Holland • Hungaria • Isbania • Islofaakiya • Isloveeniya • Iswisarland • Iswiidhan • Jarmalka • Joorjiya • Kosofo • Kroatia • Latfiya • Liechtenstein • Lithuaniya • Luksemburg • Makedonia • Malta • Monako • Montenegro • Norway • Romania • Ruushka • San Marino • Serbia • Talyaaniga • Jamhuuriyadda Tashik • Turki
  1. ↑ "POPULATION BY SEX, ETHNIC NATIONALITY AND COUNTY, 1 JANUARY. ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION". stat.ee. Archived from the original on 2019-06-11. Retrieved 2018-07-17. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |ciwaan= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ↑ "Minifacts About Estonia 2017". Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |ciwaan= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ↑ . 4 January 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180509223924/https://www.stat.ee/news-release-2018-050. Archived from the original on 9 May 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |ciwaan= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) (Estimate as of 1 January 2018)
  4. ↑ "PHC 2011 RESULTS". Statistics Estonia. Archived from the original on 10 October 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |ciwaan= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Estonia". International Monetary Fund.
  6. ↑ "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)". Eurostat Data Explorer. Archived from the original on 4 Bisha Saddexaad 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2014. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help); Unknown parameter |ciwaan= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ↑ "2015 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  8. ↑ Constitution of the Republic of Estonia Archived Oktoobar 19, 2016 // Wayback Machine, 6th article
  9. ↑ Võrokesed ees, setod järel. postimees.ee (13 July 2012).
  10. ↑ Territorial changes of the Baltic states Soviet territorial changes against Estonia after World War II
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